汉译英的过程中，常常会出现“中式英语”翻译，近期帮别人检查时，发现以下几例供大家参考。
1. 茶树在这片山地上长得很好。
〔误〕Tea trees grow well in these mountain fields.
〔正〕Tea grows well in these mountain fields.
注：“茶树”、“果树”等在翻译成英语时常常省略tree，因为这些词本身就包含“树”的意思。如orange（橘子树），banana（香蕉树）等。
2. 淡季生意不好做。
〔误〕It's hard to do business in light seasons.
〔正〕It's hard to do business in slack seasons.
注：“淡”在英语中往往不用light表示。又如：“淡茶”（weak tea），“淡水”（fresh water）。
3. 这可是件大事啊！
〔误〕This is a big thing!
〔正〕This is an important matter!
注：big thing是指体积大的东西，而“大事”是指“重要的事情”，它也可以用big issue来表达。随意中文的“大”不一定对应英文的big。如：“大雾”的表达就是thick fog。large则表示一个无体总的宽度和数量，有广阔和众多的意思。
4. 该停机检查故障了。
〔误〕It is time that we stop the machine and find the trouble.
〔正〕It is time we stopped the machine and found the trouble.
注：it is time that…表示“是……的时候了”，其后的从句应采用过去时态，这是虚拟与其的要求。
5. 今天我要到叔叔家拜年。
〔误〕I'll go to visit my uncle and say "Happy New Year" to him today.
〔正〕I'll pay a New Year call to my uncle today.
注：“拜年”用英文怎么说一定难倒了好多人。第一句译文不是不对，而是没有后一句好。“拜年”还可以被说成wish sb. a Happy New Year，如：Auntie, we've come to wish you a Happy New Year（阿姨，我们来给您拜年了。）
6. 近几年我国的第三产业增长很快。
〔误〕For the latest couple of years the third industry in our country has been developing very fast.
〔正〕For the latest couple of years the tertiary industry in our country has been developing very fast.
注：“第一产业”是the primary industry，“第二产业”是the secondary industry，但“第三产业”不是the third industry，而是the tertiary industry。其实tertiary与third是同义的，都是“第三”的意思，这样用只是约定俗成。另外，“第三产业”还可以说成the service industry，因为第三产业主要是指服务业。
05 January 2010
04 January 2010
近年热门网络词汇英文翻译
1. 山寨 copycatting
This Chinese term literally refers to the mountain strongholds of bandits. First borrowed to describe rip-off products, it has evolvedto refer also to homemade products, such as video parodies of movies.
2. 囧 be sunk/sunken
This is an ancient Chinese character, pronounced jing. It means "light shining through a window". Young Chinese use it to express embarrassment, or a bad mood. Look at the character. Doesn’t it look like a disappointed face?
3. 很黄很暴力 very pornographic, very violent
During a CCTV interview about a new Internet censorship regulation, a girl said that an uncensoredWeb page once popped up on her computer. She called it "very pornographic, very violent". Some believe the girl was told to say it by CCTV, so it is now used to mock the way the network covers news.
4. 槑 nuts
Pronounced méi, the word is a variant of the word for "梅". But it also looks like a double version of the character 呆 (dai), which means stupid. So netizens have borrowed it to mean "very silly or very stupid".
5. 叉腰肌 Psoas muscle
Xie Yalong, the former head of the Chinese Football Association, once criticized women players, saying they have weak Psoas muscles. (This is the muscle that links the trunk to the legs； it’s important for motion.) However, nobody, including the players, knew where the muscle is. This quote is now used to mock Xie, who was recently removed from his position.
More to come...
This Chinese term literally refers to the mountain strongholds of bandits. First borrowed to describe rip-off products, it has evolvedto refer also to homemade products, such as video parodies of movies.
2. 囧 be sunk/sunken
This is an ancient Chinese character, pronounced jing. It means "light shining through a window". Young Chinese use it to express embarrassment, or a bad mood. Look at the character. Doesn’t it look like a disappointed face?
3. 很黄很暴力 very pornographic, very violent
During a CCTV interview about a new Internet censorship regulation, a girl said that an uncensoredWeb page once popped up on her computer. She called it "very pornographic, very violent". Some believe the girl was told to say it by CCTV, so it is now used to mock the way the network covers news.
4. 槑 nuts
Pronounced méi, the word is a variant of the word for "梅". But it also looks like a double version of the character 呆 (dai), which means stupid. So netizens have borrowed it to mean "very silly or very stupid".
5. 叉腰肌 Psoas muscle
Xie Yalong, the former head of the Chinese Football Association, once criticized women players, saying they have weak Psoas muscles. (This is the muscle that links the trunk to the legs； it’s important for motion.) However, nobody, including the players, knew where the muscle is. This quote is now used to mock Xie, who was recently removed from his position.
More to come...
23 December 2009
Extradition Law 引渡法 翻译
中华人民共和国引渡法
Extradition Law of the People's Republic of China
2000年12月28日第九届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十九次会议通过）
Adopted at the 19th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress on December 28, 2000)
中华人民共和国主席令（第四十二号）
Order of the President of the People's Republic of China No.42
中华人民共和国引渡法》已由中华人民共和国第九届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十九次会议于2000年12月28日通过，现予公布，自公布之日起施行。
The Extradition Law of the People's Republic of China, adopted at the 19th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress on December 28, 2000, is hereby promulgated and shall go into effect as of the date of promulgation.
中华人民共和国主席*2000年12月28日
Jiang Zemin President of the People's Republic of China December 28, 2000
目录
Contents
第一章总则
Chapter I General Provisions
第二章向中华人民共和国请求引渡
Chapter II Request Made to the People's Republic of China for Extradition
第一节引渡的条件
Section 1 Conditions for Request for Extradition
第二节引渡请求的提出
Section 2 Submission of the Request for Extradition
第三节对引渡请求的审查
Section 3 Examination of the Request for Extradition
第四节为引渡而采取的强制措施
Section 4 Compulsory Measures for Extradition
第五节引渡的执行
Section 5 Execution of Extradition
第六节暂缓引渡和临时引渡
Section 6 Postponed and Temporary Extradition
第七节引渡的过境
Section 7 Transit for Extradition
第三章向外国请求引渡
Chapter III Request Made to Foreign States for Extradition
第四章附则
Chapter IV Supplementary provisions
第一章总则
Chapter I General Provisions
第一条为了保障引渡的正常进行，加强惩罚犯罪方面的国际合作，保护个人和组织的合法权益，维护国家利益和社会秩序，制定本法。
Article 1 This Law is enacted for the purpose of ensuring normal extradition, strengthening international cooperation in punishing crimes, protection the lawful rights and interests of individuals and organizations, safeguarding national interests and maintaining public order.
第二条中华人民共和国和外国之间的引渡，依照本法进行。
Article 2 This Law is applicable to extradition conducted between the People's Republic of China and foreign states.
第三条中华人民共和国和外国在平等互惠的基础上进行引渡合作。
Article 3 The People's Republic of China cooperates with foreign states in extradition on the basis of equality and reciprocity.
引渡合作，不得损害中华人民共和国的主权、安全和社会公共利益。
No cooperation in extradition may impair the sovereignty, security or public interests of the People's Republic of China.
第四条中华人民共和国和外国之间的引渡，通过外交途径联系。
Article 4 The People's Republic of China and foreign states shall communicate with each other through diplomatic channels for extradition.
中华人民共和国外交部为指定的进行引渡的联系机关。
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China is designated as the communicating authority for extradition.
引渡条约对联系机关有特别规定的，依照条约规定。
Where in an extradition treaty there are special provisions to govern the communication authority, the provisions there shall prevail.
第五条办理引渡案件，可以根据情况，对被请求引渡人采取引渡拘留、引渡逮捕或者引渡监视居住的强制措施。
Article 5 In handling cases of extradition, compulsory measures including detention, arrest and residential surveillance may, depending on the circumstances, be taken against the person sought.
第六条本法下列用语的含义是：
Article 6 The terms used in this Law are defined as follows:
（一）“被请求引渡人”是指请求国向被请求国请求准予引渡的人；
(1)"the person sought "refers to the person for whom a request for grant of extradition is made by a requesting state;
（二）“被引渡人”是指从被请求国引渡到请求国的人；
(2)"the person extradited" refers to the person extradited from the requested state to the requesting state;
（三）“引渡条约”是指中华人民共和国与外国缔结或者共同参加的引渡条约或者载有引渡条款的其他条约。
(3)"extradition treaty" refers to a treaty on extradition, which is concluded between the People's Republic of China and a foreign state or to which both the People's Republic of China and a foreign state are parties, or any other treaty which contains provisions in respect of extradition.
第二章向中华人民共和国请求引渡
Chapter II Request Made to the People's Republic of China for Extradition
第一节引渡的条件
Section 1 Conditions for Extradition
第七条外国向中华人民共和国提出的引渡请求必须同时符合下列条件，才能准予引渡：
Article 7 Request for extradition made by a foreign state to the People's Republic of China may be granted only when it meets the following conditions;
（一）引渡请求所指的行为，依照中华人民共和国法律和请求国法律均构成犯罪；
(1)the conduct indicated in the request for extradition constitutes an offence according to the laws of both the People's Republic of China and the Requesting State; and
（二）为了提起刑事诉讼而请求引渡的，根据中华人民共和国法律和请求国法律，对于引渡请求所指的犯罪均可判处一年以上有期徒刑或者其他更重的刑罚；为了执行刑罚而请求引渡的，在提出引渡请求时，被请求引渡人尚未服完的刑期至少为六个月。
(2)where the request for extradition is made for the purpose of instituting criminal proceedings, the offence indicated in the request for extradition is, under the laws of both the People's Republic of China and the Requesting State, punishable by a fixed term of imprisonment for one year or more or by any other heavier criminal penalty; where the request for extradition is made for the purpose of executing a criminal penalty, the period of sentence that remains to be served by the person sought is at least six months at the time when the request is made.
对于引渡请求中符合前款第一项规定的多种犯罪，只要其中有一种犯罪符合前款第二项的规定，就可以对上述各种犯罪准予引渡。
If the request for extradition concerns miscellaneous offences which conform to the provisions of subparagraph (1) of the preceding paragraph, as long as one of the offences conforms to the provisions of subparagraph (2) of the preceding paragraph, extradition may be granted for all of those offences.
第八条外国向中华人民共和国提出的引渡请求，有下列情形之一的，应当拒绝引渡：
Article 8 The request for extradition made by a foreign state to the People's Republic of China shall be rejected if :
（一）根据中华人民共和国法律，被请求引渡人具有中华人民共和国国籍的；
(1)the person sought is a national of the People's Republic of China under the laws of the People's Republic of China;
（二）在收到引渡请求时，中华人民共和国的司法机关对于引渡请求所指的犯罪已经作出生效判决，或者已经终止刑事诉讼程序的；
(2)at the time request is received, the judicial organ of the People's Republic of China has rendered an effective judgement or terminated the criminal proceedings in respect of the offence indicated in the request for extradition;
（三）因政治犯罪而请求引渡的，或者中华人民共和国已经给予被请求引渡人受庇护权利的；
(3)the request for extradition is made for a political offence, or the People's Republic of China has granted asylum to the person sought;
（四）被请求引渡人可能因其种族、宗教、国籍、性别、政治见解或者身份等方面的原因而被提起刑事诉讼或者执行刑罚，或者被请求引渡人在司法程序中可能由于上述原因受到不公正待遇的；
(4)the person sought is one against whom penal proceedings instituted or punishment may be executed for reasons of that person's race, religion, nationality, sex, political opinion or personal status, or that person may, for any of those reasons, be subjected to unfair treatment in judicial proceedings;
（五）根据中华人民共和国或者请求国法律，引渡请求所指的犯罪纯属军事犯罪的；
(5)the offence indicated in the request for extradition is a purely military offence under the laws of the People's Requesting of China or the laws of the Requesting State;
（六）根据中华人民共和国或者请求国法律，在收到引渡请求时，由于犯罪已过追诉时效期限或者被请求引渡人已被赦免等原因，不应当追究被请求引渡人的刑事责任的；
(6)the person sought is, under the laws of the People's Republic of China or the laws of the Requesting State, immune from criminal responsibility because, at the time the request is received, the limitation period for prosecution the offence expires or the person is pardoned, or for other reasons;
（七）被请求引渡人在请求国曾经遭受或者可能遭受酷刑或者其他残忍、不人道或者有辱人格的待遇或者处罚的；
(7)the person sought has been or will probably be subjected to torture or other cruel, inhuman or humiliation treatment or punishment in the Requesting State;
（八）请求国根据缺席判决提出引渡请求的。但请求国承诺在引渡后对被请求引渡人给予在其出庭的情况下进行重新审判机会的除外。
(8)the request for extradition is made by the Requesting State on the basis of a judgement rendered by default, unless the Requesting State undertakes that the person sought has the opportunity to have the case retried under conditions of his presence.
第九条外国向中华人民共和国提出的引渡请求，有下列情形之一的，可以拒绝引渡：
Article 9 The request for extradition made by a foreign state to the People's Republic of China may be rejected if:
（一）中华人民共和国对于引渡请求所指的犯罪具有刑事管辖权，并且对被请求引渡人正在进行刑事诉讼或者准备提起刑事诉讼的；
(1)the People's Republic of China has criminal jurisprudence over the offence indicated in the request and criminal proceedings are being instituted against the person or preparations are being made for such proceedings; or
（二）由于被请求引渡人的年龄、健康等原因，根据人道主义原则不宜引渡的。
(2)extradition is incompatible with humanitarian considerations in view of the age, health or other conditions of the person sought.
第二节引渡请求的提出
Section 2 Submission of the Request for Extradition
第十条请求国的引渡请求应当向中华人民共和国外交部提出。
Article 10 The request for extradition made by the Requesting State shall be submitted to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China.
第十一条请求国请求引渡应当出具请求书，请求书应当载明：
Article 11 The Requesting State shall present a letter of request for extradition which shall specify:
（一）请求机关的名称；
(1)the name of the requesting authority;
（二）被请求引渡人的姓名、性别、年龄、国籍、身份证件的种类及号码、职业、外表特征、住所地和居住地以及其他有助于辨别其身份和查找该人的情况；
(2)the name, sex, age, nationality, category and number of identification documents, occupation, characteristics of appearance, domicile and residence of the person sought and other information that may help to identify and search for the person;
（三）犯罪事实，包括犯罪的时间、地点、行为、结果等；
(3)facts of the offence, including the time, place, conduct and outcome of the offence; and
（四）对犯罪的定罪量刑以及追诉时效方面的法律规定。
(4)legal provisions on adjudgement, measurement of penalty and prescription for prosecution.
第十二条请求国请求引渡，应当在出具请求书的同时，提供以下材料：
Article 12 A letter of request for extradition submitted by the Requesting State shall be accompanied by:
（一）为了提起刑事诉讼而请求引渡的，应当附有逮捕证或者其他具有同等效力的文件的副本；为了执行刑罚而请求引渡的，应当附有发生法律效力的判决书或者裁定书的副本，对于已经执行部分刑罚的，还应当附有已经执行刑期的证明；
(1)where extradition is requested for the purpose of instituting criminal proceedings, a copy of the warrant of arrest or other document with the same effect; where extradition is requested for the purpose of executing criminal punishment, a copy of legally effective written judgment or verdict, and where part of punishment has already been executed, a statement to such an effect; and
（二）必要的犯罪证据或者证据材料。
(2)the necessary evidence of the offence or evidentiary material.
请求国掌握被请求引渡人照片、指纹以及其他可供确认被请求引渡人的材料的，应当提供。
The Requesting State shall provide the photographs and fingerprints of the person sought and other material in its control which may help to identify that person.
第十三条请求国根据本节提交的引渡请求书或者其他有关文件，应当由请求国的主管机关正式签署或者盖章，并应当附有中文译本或者经中华人民共和国外交部同意使用的其他文字的译本。
Article 13 The letter of request for extradition and other relevant documents submitted by the Requesting State in accordance with the provisions of this Section shall be officially signed or sealed by the competent authority of the Requesting State and be accompanied by translations in Chinese or other languages agreed to by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China.
第十四条请求国请求引渡，应当作出如下保证：
Article 14 The Requesting State shall make the following assurances when requesting extradition:
（一）请求国不对被引渡人在引渡前实施的其他未准予引渡的犯罪追究刑事责任，也不将该人再引渡给第三国。但经中华人民共和国同意，或者被引渡人在其引渡罪行诉讼终结、服刑期满或者提前释放之日起三十日内没有离开请求国，或者离开后又自愿返回的除外；
(1)no criminal responsibility shall be investigated against the person in respect of the offences committed before his surrender except for which extradition is granted, nor shall that person be re-extradited to a third state, unless consented by the People's Republic of China, or unless that person has not left the Requesting State within 30 days from the date the proceedings in respect of the offence for which extradition is requested are terminated, or the person completes his sentence or is released before the sentence expires, or after leaving the country the person has returned of his own free will; and
（二）请求国提出请求后撤销、放弃引渡请求，或者提出引渡请求错误的，由请求国承担因请求引渡对被请求引渡人造成损害的责任。
(2)where after submitting the request for extradition, the Requesting State withdraws or waives it, or it is a mistake for the Requesting State to submit such a request, the Requesting State shall bear the responsibility for the harm thus done to the person.
第十五条在没有引渡条约的情况下，请求国应当作出互惠的承诺。
Article 15 Where there is no extradition treaty to go by, the Requesting State shall make a reciprocity assurance.
第三节对引渡请求的审查
Section 3 Examination of the Request for Extradition
第十六条外交部收到请求国提出的引渡请求后，应当对引渡请求书及其所附文件、材料是否符合本法第二章第二节和引渡条约的规定进行审查。
Article 16 Upon receiving the request for extradition from the Requesting State, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall examine whether the letter of request for extradition and the accompanying documents and material conform to the provisions of Section 2 in Chapter II of this Law and the provisions of extradition treaties.
最高人民法院指定的高级人民法院对请求国提出的引渡请求是否符合本法和引渡条约关于引渡条件等规定进行审查并作出裁定。
The Higher People's Court designated by the Supreme People's Court shall examine whether the request for extradition made by the Requesting State conforms to the provisions of this Law and of extradition treaties regarding conditions for extradition and render a decision on it.
最高人民法院对高级人民法院作出的裁定进行复核。
The decision made by the Higher People's Court is subject to review by the Supreme People's Court.
第十七条对于两个以上国家就同一行为或者不同行为请求引渡同一人的，应当综合考虑中华人民共和国收到引渡请求的先后、中华人民共和国与请求国是否存在引渡条约关系等因素，确定接受引渡请求的优先顺序。
Article 17 Where two or more states request extradition of the same person for the same or different conducts, the order of priority of the request for extradition shall be determined upon considering the factors such as the time when those requests for extradition are received by the People's Republic of China and the fact whether there are extradition treaties between the People's Republic of China and the Requesting States to go by.
第十八条外交部对请求国提出的引渡请求进行审查，认为不符合本法第二章第二节和引渡条约的规定的，可以要求请求国在三十日内提供补充材料。
Article 18 Where the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, after examination, believes that the request for extradition submitted by the Requesting State does not conform to the provisions of Section 2 in Chapter II of this Law or the provisions of extradition treaties, it may ask the Requesting State to furnish supplementary material within 30 days.
经请求国请求，上述期限可以延长十五日。
The time limit may be extended for 15 days at the request of the Requesting State.
请求国未在上述期限内提供补充材料的，外交部应当终止该引渡案件。请求国可以对同一犯罪再次提出引渡该人的请求。
If the Requesting State fails to provide supplementary material within the time limit mentioned above, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall terminate the extradition case. The Requesting State may make a fresh request for extradition of the person for the same offence.
第十九条外交部对请求国提出的引渡请求进行审查，认为符合本法第二章第二节和引渡条约的规定的，应当将引渡请求书及其所附文件和材料转交最高人民法院、最高人民检察院。
Article 19 Where the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, after examination, believes that the request for extradition submitted by the Requesting State conforms to the provisions of Section 2 in Chapter II of this Law and the provisions of extradition treaties, it shall transmit the letter of request for extradition and the accompanying documents and material to the Supreme People's Court and the Supreme People's Procuratorate.
第二十条外国提出正式引渡请求前被请求引渡人已经被引渡拘留的，最高人民法院接到引渡请求书及其所附文件和材料后，应当将引渡请求书及其所附文件和材料及时转交有关高级人民法院进行审查。
Article 20 Where the person sought is detained for extradition before a foreign state makes a formal request for extradition, the Supreme People's Court shall, without delay, transmit the letter of request for extradition and the accompanying documents and material it has received to the Higher People's Court concerned for examination.
外国提出正式引渡请求前被请求引渡人未被引渡拘留的，最高人民法院接到引渡请求书及其所附文件和材料后，通知公安部查找被请求引渡人。公安机关查找到被请求引渡人后，应当根据情况对被请求引渡人予以引渡拘留或者引渡监视居住，由公安部通知最高人民法院。最高人民法院接到公安部的通知后，应当及时将引渡请求书及其所附文件和材料转交有关高级人民法院进行审查。
Where the said person is not detained for extradition before a foreign state makes a formal request for extradition, the Supreme People's Court shall, after receiving the letter of request for extradition and the accompanying documents and material, notify the Ministry of Public Security to search for the person. Once finding the person, the public security organ shall, in light of the circumstances, subject that person to detention or residential surveillance for extradition and the Ministry of Public Security shall notify the Supreme People's Court of the fact. Upon receiving the notification of the Ministry of Public Security, the Supreme People's Court shall, without delay, transmit the letter of request for extradition and the accompanying documents and material to the Higher People's Court concerned for examination.
公安机关经查找后，确认被请求引渡人不在中华人民共和国境内或者查找不到被请求引渡人的，公安部应当及时通知最高人民法院。
Where, after searching, the public security organ is certain that the person sought is not in the territory of the People's Republic of China or it cannot find the person, the Ministry of Public Security shall, without delay, notify the Supreme People's Court of the fact.
最高人民法院接到公安部的通知后，应当及时将查找情况通知外交部，由外交部通知请求国。
The latter shall, immediately after receiving the notification of the Ministry of Public Security, notify the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the results of the search, and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall notify the Requesting State of the same.
第二十一条最高人民检察院经审查，认为对引渡请求所指的犯罪或者被请求引渡人的其他犯罪，应当由我国司法机关追诉，但尚未提起刑事诉讼的，应当自收到引渡请求书及其所附文件和材料之日起一个月内，将准备提起刑事诉讼的意见分别告知最高人民法院和外交部。
Article 21 Where the Supreme People's Procuratorate, after examination, believes that the offence indicated in the request for extradition or other offences committed by the person sought are subject to prosecution by a Chinese Judicial organ, although criminal proceedings have not yet been instituted, it shall, within one month from the date the letter of request for extradition and the accompanying documents and material are received, notify the Supreme People's Court the Ministry of Foreign Affairs respectively of its opinions to institute criminal proceedings.
第二十二条高级人民法院根据本法和引渡条约关于引渡条件等有关规定，对请求国的引渡请求进行审查，由审判员三人组成合议庭进行。
Article 22 The Higher People's Court shall, in accordance with the relevant provisions of this Law and of extradition treaties regarding conditions for extradition, examine the request for extradition made by the Requesting State, which shall be conducted by a collegial panel composed of three judges.
第二十三条高级人民法院审查引渡案件，应当听取被请求引渡人的陈述及其委托的中国律师的意见。
Article 23 When examining an extradition case, the Higher People's Court shall hear the pleadings of the person sought and the opinions of the Chinese lawyers entrusted by the person.
高级人民法院应当在收到最高人民法院转来的引渡请求书之日起十日内将引渡请求书副本发送被请求引渡人。
The Higher People's Court shall, within 10 days from the date it receives the letter of request for extradition transmitted by the Supreme People's Court, serve a copy of the letter to the person.
被请求引渡人应当在收到之日起三十日内提出意见。
The person shall submit his opinions within 30 days from the date he receives the copy.
第二十四条高级人民法院经审查后，应当分别作出以下裁定：
Article 24 After examination, the Higher People's Court shall:
（一）认为请求国的引渡请求符合本法和引渡条约规定的，应当作出符合引渡条件的裁定。
(1)where the request for extradition made by the Requesting State is regarded as being in conformity with the provisions of this Law and of extradition treaties, render a decision that the request meets the conditions for extradition.
如果被请求引渡人具有本法第四十二条规定的暂缓引渡情形的，裁定中应当予以说明；
Where the person whose extradition requested falls under the category for postponed extradition according to Article 42 of this Law, it shall be so specified in the decision; or
（二）认为请求国的引渡请求不符合本法和引渡条约规定的，应当作出不引渡的裁定。
(2)where the request for extradition made by the Requesting State is regarded not as being in conformity with the provisions of this Law and of extradition treaties, render a decision that no extradition shall be granted.
根据请求国的请求，在不影响中华人民共和国领域内正在进行的其他诉讼，不侵害中华人民共和国领域内任何第三人的合法权益的情况下，可以在作出符合引渡条件的裁定的同时，作出移交与案件有关财物的裁定。
Upon request by the Requesting State, the Higher People's Court may, on condition that other proceedings being conduced in the territory of the People's Republic of China are not hindered and the lawful rights and interests of may third party in the territory of the People's Republic of China are not impaired, decided to transfer the property related to the case, while rendering the decision that the request meets he conditions for extradition.
第二十五条高级人民法院作出符合引渡条件或者不引渡的裁定后，应当向被请求引渡人宣读，并在作出裁定之日起七日内将裁定书连同有关材料报请最高人民法院复核。
Article 25 After making the decision that the request meets the conditions for extradition or the decision that no extradition shall be granted, the Higher People's Court shall have it read to the person sought and, within seven days from the date it makes the decision, submit the decision and the relevant material to the Supreme People's Court for review.
被请求引渡人对高级人民法院作出符合引渡条件的裁定不服的，被请求引渡人及其委托的中国律师可以在人民法院向被请求引渡人宣读裁定之日起十日内，向最高人民法院提出意见。
Where the person sought refuses to accept the decision made by the Higher People's Court that the request meets the conditions for extradition, he and the Chinese lawyers entrusted by him may , within 10 days from the date the People's Court has the decision read to the person, submit their opinions to the Supreme People's Court.
第二十六条最高人民法院复核高级人民法院的裁定，应当根据下列情形分别处理：
Article 26 The Supreme People's court shall review the decision made by the Higher People's Court and shall do the following respectively:
（一）认为高级人民法院作出的裁定符合本法和引渡条约规定的，应当对高级人民法院的裁定予以核准；
(1)where it believes that the decision mad by the Higher People's Court conforms to the provision of this Law and of extradition treaties, it shall approve it; and
（二）认为高级人民法院作出的裁定不符合本法和引渡条约规定的，可以裁定撤销，发回原审人民法院重新审查，也可以直接作出变更的裁定。
(2)where it believes that the decision made by the Higher People's Court does not conform to the provisions of this Law and of extradition treaties, it may quash it and send the case back to the People's Court which has originally reviewed it for fresh review, or modify the decision directly.
第二十七条人民法院在审查过程中，在必要时，可以通过外交部要求请求国在三十日内提供补充材料。
Article 27 In the course of examination, the People's Court may, when necessary, request through the Ministry of Foreign Affairs that the Requesting State provide supplementary material within 30 days.
第二十八条最高人民法院作出核准或者变更的裁定后，应当在作出裁定之日起七日内将裁定书送交外交部，并同时送达被请求引渡人。
Article 28 After making the decision of approval or modification, the supreme People's Court shall, within seven days from the date it makes the decision, transmit the letter of decision to the ministry of Foreign Affairs and, at the same time, serve it on the person sought.
最高人民法院核准或者作出不引渡裁定的，应当立即通知公安机关解除对被请求引渡人采取的强制措施。
After approving the decision or making the decision that no extradition shall be granted, the Supreme People's Court shall immediately notify the public security organ to terminate the compulsory measures against the person sought.
第二十九条外交部接到最高人民法院不引渡的裁定后，应当及时通知请求国。
Article 29 After receiving the decision made by the Supreme People's Court that no extradition shall be granted, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall, without delay, notify the Requesting State of the same.
外交部接到最高人民法院符合引渡条件的裁定后，应当报送国务院决定是否引渡。
Upon receiving the decision made by the Supreme People's Court that the request meets the conditions for extradition, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall submit the decision to the State Council for which to decide whether to grant extradition.
国务院决定不引渡的，外交部应当及时通知请求国。
Where the State Council decides not to grant extradition, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall, without delay, notify the Requesting State of the same.
人民法院应当立即通知公安机关解除对被请求引渡人采取的强制措施。
The People's Court shall immediately notify the public security organ to terminate the compulsory measures against the person sought.
第四节为引渡而采取的强制措施
Section 4 Compulsory Measures for Extradition
第三十条对于外国正式提出引渡请求前，因紧急情况申请对将被请求引渡的人采取羁押措施的，公安机关可以根据外国的申请采取引渡拘留措施。
Article 30 Where before making a formal request for extradition, a foreign state applies, under urgent circumstances, for keeping in custody the person sought, the public security organ may detain the said person for extradition upon request by the foreign state.
前款所指的申请应当通过外交途径或者向公安部书面提出，并应当载明：
The request mentioned in the preceding paragraph shall be submitted through diplomatic channels or to the Ministry of Public Security in written form and shall contain the following:
（一）本法第十一条、第十四条规定的内容；
(1)the contents provided for in Articles 11 and 14 of this Law;
（二）已经具有本法第十二条第一项所指材料的说明；
(2)statement of availability of the material provided for in subparagraph(1), Article 12 of this Law; and
（三）即将正式提出引渡请求的说明。
(3)statement that a formal request for extradition is to be made soon.
对于通过外交途径提出申请的，外交部应当及时将该申请转送公安部。
If the request is submitted through diplomatic channels, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall, without delay, transmit it to the Ministry of Public Security.
对于向公安部提出申请的，公安部应当将申请的有关情况通知外交部。
If the request is submitted to the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Public security shall impart to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs information about the request.
第三十一条公安机关根据本法第三十条的规定对被请求人采取引渡拘留措施，对于向公安部提出申请的，公安部应当将执行情况及时通知对方，
Article 31 When the public security organ, in accordance with the provisions of Article 30 of this Law, takes measures to detain the person for extradition, as requested, if the request is submitted to the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Public Security shall, without delay, notify the Requesting State of the fact;
对于通过外交途径提出申请的，公安部将执行情况通知外交部，外交部应当及时通知请求国。
if the request is submitted through diplomatic channels, the Ministry of Public security shall notify the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the fact an the latter shall, without delay, notify the Requesting State of the same.
通过上述途径通知时，对于被请求人已被引渡拘留的，应当同时告知提出正式引渡请求的期限。
When doing the notification through the above- mentioned channels, the time limit for sumitting a formal request for extradition shall be informed at the same time if the person has been detained for extradition as requested.
公安机关采取引渡拘留措施后三十日内外交部没有收到外国正式引渡请求的，应当撤销引渡拘留，经该外国请求，上述期限可以延长十五日。
If, within 30 days after the public security organ takes the measure of detention for extradition, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs receives no formal request for extradition from the foreign state, the public security organ shall terminate the detention for extradition. At the request of the foreign state, the time limit may be extended for 15 days.
对根据本条第二款撤销引渡拘留的，请求国可以在事后对同一犯罪正式提出引渡该人的请求。
Where the detention for extradition s terminated in accordance with The provisions in the second paragraph of this Article, the Requesting State may make a formal request for extradition of that person for the same offence afterwards.
第三十二条高级人民法院收到引渡请求书及其所附文件和材料后，对于不采取引渡逮捕措施可能影响引渡正常进行的，应当及时作出引渡逮捕的决定。
Article 32 After receiving the letter of request for extradition and the accompanying documents and material, the Higher People's Court shall, without delay, make a decision to arrest the person for extradition, where normal extradition may be impeded if such a measure is not taken.
对被请求引渡人不采取引渡逮捕措施的，应当及时作出引渡监视居住的决定。
Where the measure of arrest for extradition is not taken against the person sought, a decision for residential surveillance shall be made without delay.
第三十三条引渡拘留、引渡逮捕、引渡监视居住由公安机关执行。
Article 33 Detention for extradition, arrest for extradition and residential surveillance for extradition shall be executed by the public security organs.
第三十四条采取引渡强制措施的机关应当在采取引渡强制措施后二十四小时内对被采取引渡强制措施的人进行讯问。
Article 34 The organ that takes a compulsory measure for extradition shall, within 24 hours after measure is taken, interrogate the person against whom the compulsory measure for extradition is taken.
被采取引渡强制措施的人自被采取引渡强制措施之日起，可以聘请中国律师为其提供法律帮助。
The person against whom a compulsory measure for extradition is taken may, beginning from the date the date the compulsory measure is taken, employ Chinese lawyers for legal assistance.
公安机关在执行引渡强制措施时，应当告知被采取引渡强制措施的人享有上述权利。
When executing the compulsory measure for extradition, the public security organ shall inform that person of the above-mentioned right his is entitled to.
第三十五条对于应当引渡逮捕的被请求引渡人，如果患有严重疾病，或者是正在怀孕、哺乳自己婴儿的妇女，可以采取引渡监视居住措施。
Article 35 Where the person sought, who should otherwise be Arrested for extradition, is seriously ill or is a woman who is pregnant or is breast-feeding her own baby, residential surveillance may be taken against him or her.
第三十六条国务院作出准予引渡决定后，应当及时通知最高人民法院。
Article 36 After making the decision to grant the extradition, the State Council shall, without delay, notify the Supreme People's Court of the decision.
如果被请求引渡人尚未被引渡逮捕的，人民法院应当立即决定引渡逮捕。
If the person sought is not arrested for extradition, the People's Court shall immediately make a decision to arrest that person for extradition.
第三十七条外国撤销、放弃引渡请求的，应当立即解除对被请求引渡人采取的引渡强制措施。
Article 37 If the foreign state withdraws or waives the request for extradition, the compulsory measure taken against the person sought shall be terminated immediately.
第五节引渡的执行
Section 5 Execution of Extradition
第三十八条引渡由公安机关执行。对于国务院决定准予引渡的，外交部应当及时通知公安部，并通知请求国与公安部约定移交被请求引渡人的时间、地点、方式以及执行引渡有关的其他事宜。
Article 38 Extradition shall be executed by the public security organs. Where the State Council decides to grant extradition, the Ministry of foreign Affairs shall, without delay, notify the Ministry of Public Security of the decision, and notify the Requesting State to consult with the Ministry of Public Security for arrangements with regard to the time, place, manners for surrender of the person sought and other matters related to execution of the extradition.
第三十九条对于根据本法第三十八条的规定执行引渡的，公安机关应当根据人民法院的裁定，向请求国移交与案件有关的财物。
Article 39 Where extradition is to be executed in accordance with the provisions of Article 38 of this Law, the public security organ shall, in accordance with the decision of the People's Court, transfer the property related to the case to the Requesting State.
因被请求引渡人死亡、逃脱或者其他原因而无法执行引渡时，也可以向请求国移交上述财物。
When extradition cannot be executed for reasons of death or escape of the person sought or for other reasons, the property mentioned above may, all the same, be transferred to the Requesting State.
第四十条请求国自约定的移交之日起十五日内不接收被请求引渡人的，应当视为自动放弃引渡请求。公安机关应当立即释放被请求引渡人，外交部可以不再受理该国对同一犯罪再次提出的引渡该人的请求。
Article 40 Where, within 15 days from the date agreed on for surrender, the Requesting State does not take over the person sought, it shall be regarded as waiving the request for extradition of its own accord. The public security organ shall immediately release the person, and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs may refuse to accept any fresh request by the Requesting State for extradition of the person for the same offence.
请求国在上述期限内因无法控制的原因不能接收被请求引渡人的，可以申请延长期限，但最长不得超过三十日，也可以根据本法第三十八条的规定重新约定移交事宜。
Where, for reasons beyond its control, the Requesting State fails to take over the person sought within the above-mentioned time limit, it may request an extension of the time limit for not more than 30 days, or seek to negotiate for fresh arrangements for surrender in accordance with the provisions of Article 38 of this Law.
第四十一条被引渡人在请求国的刑事诉讼终结或者服刑完毕之前逃回中华人民共和国的，可以根据请求国再次提出的相同的引渡请求准予重新引渡，无需请求国提交本章第二节规定的文件和材料。
Article 41 Where the person under extradition escapes back to the People's Republic of China before criminal proceedings are terminated or his sentence is served in the Requesting State, that person may be re- extradited upon a fresh request for extradition made the requesting State in respect of the same offence and the Requesting State need not submit the documents and material provided for in Section 2 of this Chapter.
第六节暂缓引渡和临时引渡
Section 6 Postponed and Temporary Extradition
第四十二条国务院决定准予引渡时，对于中华人民共和国司法机关正在对被请求引渡人由于其他犯罪进行刑事诉讼或者执行刑罚的，可以同时决定暂缓引渡。
Article 42 Where the judicial organ of the People's Republic of China is, for other reasons, conducting criminal proceedings or executing criminal punishment against the person sought, the State Council may decide to postpone the extradition while approving it.
第四十三条如果暂缓引渡可能给请求国的刑事诉讼造成严重障碍，在不妨碍中华人民共和国领域内正在进行的刑事诉讼，并且请求国保证在完成有关诉讼程序后立即无条件送回被请求引渡人的情况下，可以根据请求国的请求，临时引渡该人。
Article 43 If postponed extradition may seriously impede the criminal proceedings in the Requesting State, the person sought may be extradited temporarily upon the request of the Requesting State on condition that the criminal proceedings being conducted in the territory of the People's Republic of China are not hindered and the Requesting State undertakes to send back that person unconditionally and immediately after concluding the relevant proceedings.
临时引渡的决定，由国务院征得最高人民法院或者最高人民检察院的同意后作出。
The decision on temporary extradition shall be made by the State Council after obtaining consent of the Supreme People's Court or the Supreme People's Procuratorate, as the case may be.
第七节引渡的过境
Section 7 Transit for Extradition
第四十四条外国之间进行引渡需要经过中华人民共和国领域的，应当按照本法第四条和本章第二节的有关规定提出过境请求。
Article 44 Where extradition between foreign states involves transit through the territory of the People's of China, the foreign states shall, in accordance with the relevant provisions of Article 4 and in Section 2 of this Chapter of this Law, make a request for such transit.
过境采用航空运输并且在中华人民共和国领域内没有着陆计划的，不适用前款规定；但发生计划外着陆的，应当依照前款规定提出过境请求。
The preceding paragraph is not applicable where air transport is used for transit and no landing in the territory of the People's Republic of China is scheduled. In the event of an unscheduled landing, a request for transit shall be submitted in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph.
第四十五条对于外国提出的过境请求，由外交部根据本法的有关规定进行审查，作出准予过境或者拒绝过境的决定。
Article 45 The Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall, in accordance with the relevant provisions of this Law, examine the request for transit made by a foreign state, and make a decision on whether to permit it or not.
准予过境或者拒绝过境的决定应当由外交部通过与收到请求相同的途径通知请求国。
The decision to permit transit or to refuse transit shall be notified to the Requesting State by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs through the same channels as the ones through which the request is received.
外交部作出准予过境的决定后，应当将该决定及时通知公安部。过境的时间、地点和方式等事宜由公安部决定。
After making the decision to permit transit, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall, without delay, notify the Ministry of Public Security of the same. The Ministry of Public Security shall decide on such matters as the time, place and manners for the transit.
第四十六条引渡的过境由过境地的公安机关监督或者协助执行。
Article 46 The public security organ in the place of transit shall supervise or assist in the execution of transit for extradition.
公安机关可以根据过境请求国的请求，提供临时羁押场所。
The public security organ may provide a temporary place for custody upon the request of the Requesting State.
第三章向外国请求引渡
Chapter III Request Made to Foreign States for Extradition
第四十七条请求外国准予引渡或者引渡过境的，应当由负责办理有关案件的省、自治区或者直辖市的审判、检察、公安、国家安全或者监狱管理机关分别向最高人民法院、最高人民检察院、公安部、国家安全部、司法部提出意见书，并附有关文件和材料及其经证明无误的译文。
Article 47 When requesting a foreign state to grant extradition or transit for extradition, the adjudicative organ, procuratorate organ, public security organ, state security organ or prison administration organ responsible for handling the case concerned in a province, autonomous region and municipality directly under the Central Government shall submit its written opinions accompanied by relevant documents and material with certified correct translation respectively to the Supreme People's Court, the Supreme People's Procuratorate, the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of State Security and the Ministry of Justice.
最高人民法院、最高人民检察院、公安部、国家安全部、司法部分别会同外交部审核同意后，通过外交部向外国提出请求。
After the Supreme People's Court, the Supreme People's Procuratorate, the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of State Security and the Ministry of Justice have, respectively in conjunction with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, reviewed the opinions and approved to make the request, the request shall be submitted to the foreign state through the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
第四十八条在紧急情况下，可以在向外国正式提出引渡请求前，通过外交途径或者被请求国同意的其他途径，请求外国对有关人员先行采取强制措施。
Article 48 Under urgent circumstances, before a formal request for extradition is made, the request to take compulsory measures against the person concerned may be submitted to the foreign state through diplomatic channels or other channels consented by the Requested State.
第四十九条引渡、引渡过境或者采取强制措施的请求所需的文书、文件和材料，应当依照引渡条约的规定提出；没有引渡条约或者引渡条约没有规定的，可以参照本法第二章第二节、第四节和第七节的规定提出；被请求国有特殊要求的，在不违反中华人民共和国法律的基本原则的情况下，可以按照被请求国的特殊要求提出。
Article 49 The instruments, documents and material required for request for extradition, for transit for extradition, or for taking compulsory measures shall be submitted in accordance with the provisions of extradition treaties, or where there are no such treaties or no such provisions in such treaties to go by, the provisions of Sections 2, 4 and 7 of this Chapter may be applied mutatis mutandis, or where the Requested State raises specific requirements, those requirements may be complied with on condition that the basic principles contained in the laws of the People's Republic of China are not violated.
第五十条被请求国就准予引渡附加条件的，对于不损害中华人民共和国主权、国家利益、公共利益的，可以由外交部代表中华人民共和国政府向被请求国作出承诺。
Article 50 Where the Requested State grants extradition with strings attached, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs may, on behalf of the Government of the People's Republic of China, make assurance on condition that the sovereignty, national interests and public interests of the People's Republic of China are not impaired.
对于限制追诉的承诺，由最高人民检察院决定；对于量刑的承诺，由最高人民法院决定。
The assurance with regard to restriction on prosecution shall be subject to decision by the Supreme People's Procuratorate; the assurance with regard to measurement of penalty shall be subject to decision by the Supreme People's Court.
在对被引渡人追究刑事责任时，司法机关应当受所作出的承诺的约束。
In investigating criminal responsibility of the person extradited, the judicial organ shall be bound by the assurance made.
第五十一条公安机关负责接收外国准予引渡的人以及与案件有关的财物。
Article 51 The public security organ shall be responsible for taking over the person whose extradition is granted by the foreign state as well as the property related to the case.
对于其他部门提出引渡请求的，公安机关在接收被引渡人以及与案件有关的财物后，应当及时转交提出引渡请求的部门；也可以会同有关部门共同接收被引渡人以及与案件有关的财物。
Where the request for extradition is made by other organs, the public security organ shall, after taking over the person extradited and the property related to the case, transfer them to the said organs without delay, or take over the said person and related property in conjunction with the organs concerned.
第四章附则
Chapter IV Supplementary Provisions
第五十二条根据本法规定是否引渡由国务院决定的，国务院在必要时，得授权国务院有关部门决定。
Article 52 Where, in accordance with the provisions of this Law, whether to grant extradition is subject to decision by the State Council, the State Council may, when necessary, authorize relevant departments to make the decision.
第五十三条请求国提出请求后撤销、放弃引渡请求，或者提出引渡请求错误，给被请求引渡人造成损害，被请求引渡人提出赔偿的，应当向请求国提出。
Article 53 where the person sought suffers any harm because the Requesting State, after submitting the request for extradition, withdraws or waives the request, or makes a mistake in requesting for extradition and the person presents a claim for compensation, such claim shall be presented to the Requesting State.
第五十四条办理引渡案件产生的费用，依照请求国和被请求国共同参加、签订的引渡条约或者协议办理。
Article 54 The expenses arising from the handling of a case of extradition shall be defrayed in accordance with extradition treaties or agreements which both the Requesting State and the Requested State have acceded to or signed.
第五十五条本法自公布之日起施行。
Article 55 This Law shall go into effect as of the date of promulgation.
Extradition Law of the People's Republic of China
2000年12月28日第九届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十九次会议通过）
Adopted at the 19th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress on December 28, 2000)
中华人民共和国主席令（第四十二号）
Order of the President of the People's Republic of China No.42
中华人民共和国引渡法》已由中华人民共和国第九届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十九次会议于2000年12月28日通过，现予公布，自公布之日起施行。
The Extradition Law of the People's Republic of China, adopted at the 19th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress on December 28, 2000, is hereby promulgated and shall go into effect as of the date of promulgation.
中华人民共和国主席*2000年12月28日
Jiang Zemin President of the People's Republic of China December 28, 2000
目录
Contents
第一章总则
Chapter I General Provisions
第二章向中华人民共和国请求引渡
Chapter II Request Made to the People's Republic of China for Extradition
第一节引渡的条件
Section 1 Conditions for Request for Extradition
第二节引渡请求的提出
Section 2 Submission of the Request for Extradition
第三节对引渡请求的审查
Section 3 Examination of the Request for Extradition
第四节为引渡而采取的强制措施
Section 4 Compulsory Measures for Extradition
第五节引渡的执行
Section 5 Execution of Extradition
第六节暂缓引渡和临时引渡
Section 6 Postponed and Temporary Extradition
第七节引渡的过境
Section 7 Transit for Extradition
第三章向外国请求引渡
Chapter III Request Made to Foreign States for Extradition
第四章附则
Chapter IV Supplementary provisions
第一章总则
Chapter I General Provisions
第一条为了保障引渡的正常进行，加强惩罚犯罪方面的国际合作，保护个人和组织的合法权益，维护国家利益和社会秩序，制定本法。
Article 1 This Law is enacted for the purpose of ensuring normal extradition, strengthening international cooperation in punishing crimes, protection the lawful rights and interests of individuals and organizations, safeguarding national interests and maintaining public order.
第二条中华人民共和国和外国之间的引渡，依照本法进行。
Article 2 This Law is applicable to extradition conducted between the People's Republic of China and foreign states.
第三条中华人民共和国和外国在平等互惠的基础上进行引渡合作。
Article 3 The People's Republic of China cooperates with foreign states in extradition on the basis of equality and reciprocity.
引渡合作，不得损害中华人民共和国的主权、安全和社会公共利益。
No cooperation in extradition may impair the sovereignty, security or public interests of the People's Republic of China.
第四条中华人民共和国和外国之间的引渡，通过外交途径联系。
Article 4 The People's Republic of China and foreign states shall communicate with each other through diplomatic channels for extradition.
中华人民共和国外交部为指定的进行引渡的联系机关。
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China is designated as the communicating authority for extradition.
引渡条约对联系机关有特别规定的，依照条约规定。
Where in an extradition treaty there are special provisions to govern the communication authority, the provisions there shall prevail.
第五条办理引渡案件，可以根据情况，对被请求引渡人采取引渡拘留、引渡逮捕或者引渡监视居住的强制措施。
Article 5 In handling cases of extradition, compulsory measures including detention, arrest and residential surveillance may, depending on the circumstances, be taken against the person sought.
第六条本法下列用语的含义是：
Article 6 The terms used in this Law are defined as follows:
（一）“被请求引渡人”是指请求国向被请求国请求准予引渡的人；
(1)"the person sought "refers to the person for whom a request for grant of extradition is made by a requesting state;
（二）“被引渡人”是指从被请求国引渡到请求国的人；
(2)"the person extradited" refers to the person extradited from the requested state to the requesting state;
（三）“引渡条约”是指中华人民共和国与外国缔结或者共同参加的引渡条约或者载有引渡条款的其他条约。
(3)"extradition treaty" refers to a treaty on extradition, which is concluded between the People's Republic of China and a foreign state or to which both the People's Republic of China and a foreign state are parties, or any other treaty which contains provisions in respect of extradition.
第二章向中华人民共和国请求引渡
Chapter II Request Made to the People's Republic of China for Extradition
第一节引渡的条件
Section 1 Conditions for Extradition
第七条外国向中华人民共和国提出的引渡请求必须同时符合下列条件，才能准予引渡：
Article 7 Request for extradition made by a foreign state to the People's Republic of China may be granted only when it meets the following conditions;
（一）引渡请求所指的行为，依照中华人民共和国法律和请求国法律均构成犯罪；
(1)the conduct indicated in the request for extradition constitutes an offence according to the laws of both the People's Republic of China and the Requesting State; and
（二）为了提起刑事诉讼而请求引渡的，根据中华人民共和国法律和请求国法律，对于引渡请求所指的犯罪均可判处一年以上有期徒刑或者其他更重的刑罚；为了执行刑罚而请求引渡的，在提出引渡请求时，被请求引渡人尚未服完的刑期至少为六个月。
(2)where the request for extradition is made for the purpose of instituting criminal proceedings, the offence indicated in the request for extradition is, under the laws of both the People's Republic of China and the Requesting State, punishable by a fixed term of imprisonment for one year or more or by any other heavier criminal penalty; where the request for extradition is made for the purpose of executing a criminal penalty, the period of sentence that remains to be served by the person sought is at least six months at the time when the request is made.
对于引渡请求中符合前款第一项规定的多种犯罪，只要其中有一种犯罪符合前款第二项的规定，就可以对上述各种犯罪准予引渡。
If the request for extradition concerns miscellaneous offences which conform to the provisions of subparagraph (1) of the preceding paragraph, as long as one of the offences conforms to the provisions of subparagraph (2) of the preceding paragraph, extradition may be granted for all of those offences.
第八条外国向中华人民共和国提出的引渡请求，有下列情形之一的，应当拒绝引渡：
Article 8 The request for extradition made by a foreign state to the People's Republic of China shall be rejected if :
（一）根据中华人民共和国法律，被请求引渡人具有中华人民共和国国籍的；
(1)the person sought is a national of the People's Republic of China under the laws of the People's Republic of China;
（二）在收到引渡请求时，中华人民共和国的司法机关对于引渡请求所指的犯罪已经作出生效判决，或者已经终止刑事诉讼程序的；
(2)at the time request is received, the judicial organ of the People's Republic of China has rendered an effective judgement or terminated the criminal proceedings in respect of the offence indicated in the request for extradition;
（三）因政治犯罪而请求引渡的，或者中华人民共和国已经给予被请求引渡人受庇护权利的；
(3)the request for extradition is made for a political offence, or the People's Republic of China has granted asylum to the person sought;
（四）被请求引渡人可能因其种族、宗教、国籍、性别、政治见解或者身份等方面的原因而被提起刑事诉讼或者执行刑罚，或者被请求引渡人在司法程序中可能由于上述原因受到不公正待遇的；
(4)the person sought is one against whom penal proceedings instituted or punishment may be executed for reasons of that person's race, religion, nationality, sex, political opinion or personal status, or that person may, for any of those reasons, be subjected to unfair treatment in judicial proceedings;
（五）根据中华人民共和国或者请求国法律，引渡请求所指的犯罪纯属军事犯罪的；
(5)the offence indicated in the request for extradition is a purely military offence under the laws of the People's Requesting of China or the laws of the Requesting State;
（六）根据中华人民共和国或者请求国法律，在收到引渡请求时，由于犯罪已过追诉时效期限或者被请求引渡人已被赦免等原因，不应当追究被请求引渡人的刑事责任的；
(6)the person sought is, under the laws of the People's Republic of China or the laws of the Requesting State, immune from criminal responsibility because, at the time the request is received, the limitation period for prosecution the offence expires or the person is pardoned, or for other reasons;
（七）被请求引渡人在请求国曾经遭受或者可能遭受酷刑或者其他残忍、不人道或者有辱人格的待遇或者处罚的；
(7)the person sought has been or will probably be subjected to torture or other cruel, inhuman or humiliation treatment or punishment in the Requesting State;
（八）请求国根据缺席判决提出引渡请求的。但请求国承诺在引渡后对被请求引渡人给予在其出庭的情况下进行重新审判机会的除外。
(8)the request for extradition is made by the Requesting State on the basis of a judgement rendered by default, unless the Requesting State undertakes that the person sought has the opportunity to have the case retried under conditions of his presence.
第九条外国向中华人民共和国提出的引渡请求，有下列情形之一的，可以拒绝引渡：
Article 9 The request for extradition made by a foreign state to the People's Republic of China may be rejected if:
（一）中华人民共和国对于引渡请求所指的犯罪具有刑事管辖权，并且对被请求引渡人正在进行刑事诉讼或者准备提起刑事诉讼的；
(1)the People's Republic of China has criminal jurisprudence over the offence indicated in the request and criminal proceedings are being instituted against the person or preparations are being made for such proceedings; or
（二）由于被请求引渡人的年龄、健康等原因，根据人道主义原则不宜引渡的。
(2)extradition is incompatible with humanitarian considerations in view of the age, health or other conditions of the person sought.
第二节引渡请求的提出
Section 2 Submission of the Request for Extradition
第十条请求国的引渡请求应当向中华人民共和国外交部提出。
Article 10 The request for extradition made by the Requesting State shall be submitted to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China.
第十一条请求国请求引渡应当出具请求书，请求书应当载明：
Article 11 The Requesting State shall present a letter of request for extradition which shall specify:
（一）请求机关的名称；
(1)the name of the requesting authority;
（二）被请求引渡人的姓名、性别、年龄、国籍、身份证件的种类及号码、职业、外表特征、住所地和居住地以及其他有助于辨别其身份和查找该人的情况；
(2)the name, sex, age, nationality, category and number of identification documents, occupation, characteristics of appearance, domicile and residence of the person sought and other information that may help to identify and search for the person;
（三）犯罪事实，包括犯罪的时间、地点、行为、结果等；
(3)facts of the offence, including the time, place, conduct and outcome of the offence; and
（四）对犯罪的定罪量刑以及追诉时效方面的法律规定。
(4)legal provisions on adjudgement, measurement of penalty and prescription for prosecution.
第十二条请求国请求引渡，应当在出具请求书的同时，提供以下材料：
Article 12 A letter of request for extradition submitted by the Requesting State shall be accompanied by:
（一）为了提起刑事诉讼而请求引渡的，应当附有逮捕证或者其他具有同等效力的文件的副本；为了执行刑罚而请求引渡的，应当附有发生法律效力的判决书或者裁定书的副本，对于已经执行部分刑罚的，还应当附有已经执行刑期的证明；
(1)where extradition is requested for the purpose of instituting criminal proceedings, a copy of the warrant of arrest or other document with the same effect; where extradition is requested for the purpose of executing criminal punishment, a copy of legally effective written judgment or verdict, and where part of punishment has already been executed, a statement to such an effect; and
（二）必要的犯罪证据或者证据材料。
(2)the necessary evidence of the offence or evidentiary material.
请求国掌握被请求引渡人照片、指纹以及其他可供确认被请求引渡人的材料的，应当提供。
The Requesting State shall provide the photographs and fingerprints of the person sought and other material in its control which may help to identify that person.
第十三条请求国根据本节提交的引渡请求书或者其他有关文件，应当由请求国的主管机关正式签署或者盖章，并应当附有中文译本或者经中华人民共和国外交部同意使用的其他文字的译本。
Article 13 The letter of request for extradition and other relevant documents submitted by the Requesting State in accordance with the provisions of this Section shall be officially signed or sealed by the competent authority of the Requesting State and be accompanied by translations in Chinese or other languages agreed to by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China.
第十四条请求国请求引渡，应当作出如下保证：
Article 14 The Requesting State shall make the following assurances when requesting extradition:
（一）请求国不对被引渡人在引渡前实施的其他未准予引渡的犯罪追究刑事责任，也不将该人再引渡给第三国。但经中华人民共和国同意，或者被引渡人在其引渡罪行诉讼终结、服刑期满或者提前释放之日起三十日内没有离开请求国，或者离开后又自愿返回的除外；
(1)no criminal responsibility shall be investigated against the person in respect of the offences committed before his surrender except for which extradition is granted, nor shall that person be re-extradited to a third state, unless consented by the People's Republic of China, or unless that person has not left the Requesting State within 30 days from the date the proceedings in respect of the offence for which extradition is requested are terminated, or the person completes his sentence or is released before the sentence expires, or after leaving the country the person has returned of his own free will; and
（二）请求国提出请求后撤销、放弃引渡请求，或者提出引渡请求错误的，由请求国承担因请求引渡对被请求引渡人造成损害的责任。
(2)where after submitting the request for extradition, the Requesting State withdraws or waives it, or it is a mistake for the Requesting State to submit such a request, the Requesting State shall bear the responsibility for the harm thus done to the person.
第十五条在没有引渡条约的情况下，请求国应当作出互惠的承诺。
Article 15 Where there is no extradition treaty to go by, the Requesting State shall make a reciprocity assurance.
第三节对引渡请求的审查
Section 3 Examination of the Request for Extradition
第十六条外交部收到请求国提出的引渡请求后，应当对引渡请求书及其所附文件、材料是否符合本法第二章第二节和引渡条约的规定进行审查。
Article 16 Upon receiving the request for extradition from the Requesting State, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall examine whether the letter of request for extradition and the accompanying documents and material conform to the provisions of Section 2 in Chapter II of this Law and the provisions of extradition treaties.
最高人民法院指定的高级人民法院对请求国提出的引渡请求是否符合本法和引渡条约关于引渡条件等规定进行审查并作出裁定。
The Higher People's Court designated by the Supreme People's Court shall examine whether the request for extradition made by the Requesting State conforms to the provisions of this Law and of extradition treaties regarding conditions for extradition and render a decision on it.
最高人民法院对高级人民法院作出的裁定进行复核。
The decision made by the Higher People's Court is subject to review by the Supreme People's Court.
第十七条对于两个以上国家就同一行为或者不同行为请求引渡同一人的，应当综合考虑中华人民共和国收到引渡请求的先后、中华人民共和国与请求国是否存在引渡条约关系等因素，确定接受引渡请求的优先顺序。
Article 17 Where two or more states request extradition of the same person for the same or different conducts, the order of priority of the request for extradition shall be determined upon considering the factors such as the time when those requests for extradition are received by the People's Republic of China and the fact whether there are extradition treaties between the People's Republic of China and the Requesting States to go by.
第十八条外交部对请求国提出的引渡请求进行审查，认为不符合本法第二章第二节和引渡条约的规定的，可以要求请求国在三十日内提供补充材料。
Article 18 Where the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, after examination, believes that the request for extradition submitted by the Requesting State does not conform to the provisions of Section 2 in Chapter II of this Law or the provisions of extradition treaties, it may ask the Requesting State to furnish supplementary material within 30 days.
经请求国请求，上述期限可以延长十五日。
The time limit may be extended for 15 days at the request of the Requesting State.
请求国未在上述期限内提供补充材料的，外交部应当终止该引渡案件。请求国可以对同一犯罪再次提出引渡该人的请求。
If the Requesting State fails to provide supplementary material within the time limit mentioned above, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall terminate the extradition case. The Requesting State may make a fresh request for extradition of the person for the same offence.
第十九条外交部对请求国提出的引渡请求进行审查，认为符合本法第二章第二节和引渡条约的规定的，应当将引渡请求书及其所附文件和材料转交最高人民法院、最高人民检察院。
Article 19 Where the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, after examination, believes that the request for extradition submitted by the Requesting State conforms to the provisions of Section 2 in Chapter II of this Law and the provisions of extradition treaties, it shall transmit the letter of request for extradition and the accompanying documents and material to the Supreme People's Court and the Supreme People's Procuratorate.
第二十条外国提出正式引渡请求前被请求引渡人已经被引渡拘留的，最高人民法院接到引渡请求书及其所附文件和材料后，应当将引渡请求书及其所附文件和材料及时转交有关高级人民法院进行审查。
Article 20 Where the person sought is detained for extradition before a foreign state makes a formal request for extradition, the Supreme People's Court shall, without delay, transmit the letter of request for extradition and the accompanying documents and material it has received to the Higher People's Court concerned for examination.
外国提出正式引渡请求前被请求引渡人未被引渡拘留的，最高人民法院接到引渡请求书及其所附文件和材料后，通知公安部查找被请求引渡人。公安机关查找到被请求引渡人后，应当根据情况对被请求引渡人予以引渡拘留或者引渡监视居住，由公安部通知最高人民法院。最高人民法院接到公安部的通知后，应当及时将引渡请求书及其所附文件和材料转交有关高级人民法院进行审查。
Where the said person is not detained for extradition before a foreign state makes a formal request for extradition, the Supreme People's Court shall, after receiving the letter of request for extradition and the accompanying documents and material, notify the Ministry of Public Security to search for the person. Once finding the person, the public security organ shall, in light of the circumstances, subject that person to detention or residential surveillance for extradition and the Ministry of Public Security shall notify the Supreme People's Court of the fact. Upon receiving the notification of the Ministry of Public Security, the Supreme People's Court shall, without delay, transmit the letter of request for extradition and the accompanying documents and material to the Higher People's Court concerned for examination.
公安机关经查找后，确认被请求引渡人不在中华人民共和国境内或者查找不到被请求引渡人的，公安部应当及时通知最高人民法院。
Where, after searching, the public security organ is certain that the person sought is not in the territory of the People's Republic of China or it cannot find the person, the Ministry of Public Security shall, without delay, notify the Supreme People's Court of the fact.
最高人民法院接到公安部的通知后，应当及时将查找情况通知外交部，由外交部通知请求国。
The latter shall, immediately after receiving the notification of the Ministry of Public Security, notify the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the results of the search, and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall notify the Requesting State of the same.
第二十一条最高人民检察院经审查，认为对引渡请求所指的犯罪或者被请求引渡人的其他犯罪，应当由我国司法机关追诉，但尚未提起刑事诉讼的，应当自收到引渡请求书及其所附文件和材料之日起一个月内，将准备提起刑事诉讼的意见分别告知最高人民法院和外交部。
Article 21 Where the Supreme People's Procuratorate, after examination, believes that the offence indicated in the request for extradition or other offences committed by the person sought are subject to prosecution by a Chinese Judicial organ, although criminal proceedings have not yet been instituted, it shall, within one month from the date the letter of request for extradition and the accompanying documents and material are received, notify the Supreme People's Court the Ministry of Foreign Affairs respectively of its opinions to institute criminal proceedings.
第二十二条高级人民法院根据本法和引渡条约关于引渡条件等有关规定，对请求国的引渡请求进行审查，由审判员三人组成合议庭进行。
Article 22 The Higher People's Court shall, in accordance with the relevant provisions of this Law and of extradition treaties regarding conditions for extradition, examine the request for extradition made by the Requesting State, which shall be conducted by a collegial panel composed of three judges.
第二十三条高级人民法院审查引渡案件，应当听取被请求引渡人的陈述及其委托的中国律师的意见。
Article 23 When examining an extradition case, the Higher People's Court shall hear the pleadings of the person sought and the opinions of the Chinese lawyers entrusted by the person.
高级人民法院应当在收到最高人民法院转来的引渡请求书之日起十日内将引渡请求书副本发送被请求引渡人。
The Higher People's Court shall, within 10 days from the date it receives the letter of request for extradition transmitted by the Supreme People's Court, serve a copy of the letter to the person.
被请求引渡人应当在收到之日起三十日内提出意见。
The person shall submit his opinions within 30 days from the date he receives the copy.
第二十四条高级人民法院经审查后，应当分别作出以下裁定：
Article 24 After examination, the Higher People's Court shall:
（一）认为请求国的引渡请求符合本法和引渡条约规定的，应当作出符合引渡条件的裁定。
(1)where the request for extradition made by the Requesting State is regarded as being in conformity with the provisions of this Law and of extradition treaties, render a decision that the request meets the conditions for extradition.
如果被请求引渡人具有本法第四十二条规定的暂缓引渡情形的，裁定中应当予以说明；
Where the person whose extradition requested falls under the category for postponed extradition according to Article 42 of this Law, it shall be so specified in the decision; or
（二）认为请求国的引渡请求不符合本法和引渡条约规定的，应当作出不引渡的裁定。
(2)where the request for extradition made by the Requesting State is regarded not as being in conformity with the provisions of this Law and of extradition treaties, render a decision that no extradition shall be granted.
根据请求国的请求，在不影响中华人民共和国领域内正在进行的其他诉讼，不侵害中华人民共和国领域内任何第三人的合法权益的情况下，可以在作出符合引渡条件的裁定的同时，作出移交与案件有关财物的裁定。
Upon request by the Requesting State, the Higher People's Court may, on condition that other proceedings being conduced in the territory of the People's Republic of China are not hindered and the lawful rights and interests of may third party in the territory of the People's Republic of China are not impaired, decided to transfer the property related to the case, while rendering the decision that the request meets he conditions for extradition.
第二十五条高级人民法院作出符合引渡条件或者不引渡的裁定后，应当向被请求引渡人宣读，并在作出裁定之日起七日内将裁定书连同有关材料报请最高人民法院复核。
Article 25 After making the decision that the request meets the conditions for extradition or the decision that no extradition shall be granted, the Higher People's Court shall have it read to the person sought and, within seven days from the date it makes the decision, submit the decision and the relevant material to the Supreme People's Court for review.
被请求引渡人对高级人民法院作出符合引渡条件的裁定不服的，被请求引渡人及其委托的中国律师可以在人民法院向被请求引渡人宣读裁定之日起十日内，向最高人民法院提出意见。
Where the person sought refuses to accept the decision made by the Higher People's Court that the request meets the conditions for extradition, he and the Chinese lawyers entrusted by him may , within 10 days from the date the People's Court has the decision read to the person, submit their opinions to the Supreme People's Court.
第二十六条最高人民法院复核高级人民法院的裁定，应当根据下列情形分别处理：
Article 26 The Supreme People's court shall review the decision made by the Higher People's Court and shall do the following respectively:
（一）认为高级人民法院作出的裁定符合本法和引渡条约规定的，应当对高级人民法院的裁定予以核准；
(1)where it believes that the decision mad by the Higher People's Court conforms to the provision of this Law and of extradition treaties, it shall approve it; and
（二）认为高级人民法院作出的裁定不符合本法和引渡条约规定的，可以裁定撤销，发回原审人民法院重新审查，也可以直接作出变更的裁定。
(2)where it believes that the decision made by the Higher People's Court does not conform to the provisions of this Law and of extradition treaties, it may quash it and send the case back to the People's Court which has originally reviewed it for fresh review, or modify the decision directly.
第二十七条人民法院在审查过程中，在必要时，可以通过外交部要求请求国在三十日内提供补充材料。
Article 27 In the course of examination, the People's Court may, when necessary, request through the Ministry of Foreign Affairs that the Requesting State provide supplementary material within 30 days.
第二十八条最高人民法院作出核准或者变更的裁定后，应当在作出裁定之日起七日内将裁定书送交外交部，并同时送达被请求引渡人。
Article 28 After making the decision of approval or modification, the supreme People's Court shall, within seven days from the date it makes the decision, transmit the letter of decision to the ministry of Foreign Affairs and, at the same time, serve it on the person sought.
最高人民法院核准或者作出不引渡裁定的，应当立即通知公安机关解除对被请求引渡人采取的强制措施。
After approving the decision or making the decision that no extradition shall be granted, the Supreme People's Court shall immediately notify the public security organ to terminate the compulsory measures against the person sought.
第二十九条外交部接到最高人民法院不引渡的裁定后，应当及时通知请求国。
Article 29 After receiving the decision made by the Supreme People's Court that no extradition shall be granted, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall, without delay, notify the Requesting State of the same.
外交部接到最高人民法院符合引渡条件的裁定后，应当报送国务院决定是否引渡。
Upon receiving the decision made by the Supreme People's Court that the request meets the conditions for extradition, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall submit the decision to the State Council for which to decide whether to grant extradition.
国务院决定不引渡的，外交部应当及时通知请求国。
Where the State Council decides not to grant extradition, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall, without delay, notify the Requesting State of the same.
人民法院应当立即通知公安机关解除对被请求引渡人采取的强制措施。
The People's Court shall immediately notify the public security organ to terminate the compulsory measures against the person sought.
第四节为引渡而采取的强制措施
Section 4 Compulsory Measures for Extradition
第三十条对于外国正式提出引渡请求前，因紧急情况申请对将被请求引渡的人采取羁押措施的，公安机关可以根据外国的申请采取引渡拘留措施。
Article 30 Where before making a formal request for extradition, a foreign state applies, under urgent circumstances, for keeping in custody the person sought, the public security organ may detain the said person for extradition upon request by the foreign state.
前款所指的申请应当通过外交途径或者向公安部书面提出，并应当载明：
The request mentioned in the preceding paragraph shall be submitted through diplomatic channels or to the Ministry of Public Security in written form and shall contain the following:
（一）本法第十一条、第十四条规定的内容；
(1)the contents provided for in Articles 11 and 14 of this Law;
（二）已经具有本法第十二条第一项所指材料的说明；
(2)statement of availability of the material provided for in subparagraph(1), Article 12 of this Law; and
（三）即将正式提出引渡请求的说明。
(3)statement that a formal request for extradition is to be made soon.
对于通过外交途径提出申请的，外交部应当及时将该申请转送公安部。
If the request is submitted through diplomatic channels, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall, without delay, transmit it to the Ministry of Public Security.
对于向公安部提出申请的，公安部应当将申请的有关情况通知外交部。
If the request is submitted to the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Public security shall impart to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs information about the request.
第三十一条公安机关根据本法第三十条的规定对被请求人采取引渡拘留措施，对于向公安部提出申请的，公安部应当将执行情况及时通知对方，
Article 31 When the public security organ, in accordance with the provisions of Article 30 of this Law, takes measures to detain the person for extradition, as requested, if the request is submitted to the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Public Security shall, without delay, notify the Requesting State of the fact;
对于通过外交途径提出申请的，公安部将执行情况通知外交部，外交部应当及时通知请求国。
if the request is submitted through diplomatic channels, the Ministry of Public security shall notify the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the fact an the latter shall, without delay, notify the Requesting State of the same.
通过上述途径通知时，对于被请求人已被引渡拘留的，应当同时告知提出正式引渡请求的期限。
When doing the notification through the above- mentioned channels, the time limit for sumitting a formal request for extradition shall be informed at the same time if the person has been detained for extradition as requested.
公安机关采取引渡拘留措施后三十日内外交部没有收到外国正式引渡请求的，应当撤销引渡拘留，经该外国请求，上述期限可以延长十五日。
If, within 30 days after the public security organ takes the measure of detention for extradition, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs receives no formal request for extradition from the foreign state, the public security organ shall terminate the detention for extradition. At the request of the foreign state, the time limit may be extended for 15 days.
对根据本条第二款撤销引渡拘留的，请求国可以在事后对同一犯罪正式提出引渡该人的请求。
Where the detention for extradition s terminated in accordance with The provisions in the second paragraph of this Article, the Requesting State may make a formal request for extradition of that person for the same offence afterwards.
第三十二条高级人民法院收到引渡请求书及其所附文件和材料后，对于不采取引渡逮捕措施可能影响引渡正常进行的，应当及时作出引渡逮捕的决定。
Article 32 After receiving the letter of request for extradition and the accompanying documents and material, the Higher People's Court shall, without delay, make a decision to arrest the person for extradition, where normal extradition may be impeded if such a measure is not taken.
对被请求引渡人不采取引渡逮捕措施的，应当及时作出引渡监视居住的决定。
Where the measure of arrest for extradition is not taken against the person sought, a decision for residential surveillance shall be made without delay.
第三十三条引渡拘留、引渡逮捕、引渡监视居住由公安机关执行。
Article 33 Detention for extradition, arrest for extradition and residential surveillance for extradition shall be executed by the public security organs.
第三十四条采取引渡强制措施的机关应当在采取引渡强制措施后二十四小时内对被采取引渡强制措施的人进行讯问。
Article 34 The organ that takes a compulsory measure for extradition shall, within 24 hours after measure is taken, interrogate the person against whom the compulsory measure for extradition is taken.
被采取引渡强制措施的人自被采取引渡强制措施之日起，可以聘请中国律师为其提供法律帮助。
The person against whom a compulsory measure for extradition is taken may, beginning from the date the date the compulsory measure is taken, employ Chinese lawyers for legal assistance.
公安机关在执行引渡强制措施时，应当告知被采取引渡强制措施的人享有上述权利。
When executing the compulsory measure for extradition, the public security organ shall inform that person of the above-mentioned right his is entitled to.
第三十五条对于应当引渡逮捕的被请求引渡人，如果患有严重疾病，或者是正在怀孕、哺乳自己婴儿的妇女，可以采取引渡监视居住措施。
Article 35 Where the person sought, who should otherwise be Arrested for extradition, is seriously ill or is a woman who is pregnant or is breast-feeding her own baby, residential surveillance may be taken against him or her.
第三十六条国务院作出准予引渡决定后，应当及时通知最高人民法院。
Article 36 After making the decision to grant the extradition, the State Council shall, without delay, notify the Supreme People's Court of the decision.
如果被请求引渡人尚未被引渡逮捕的，人民法院应当立即决定引渡逮捕。
If the person sought is not arrested for extradition, the People's Court shall immediately make a decision to arrest that person for extradition.
第三十七条外国撤销、放弃引渡请求的，应当立即解除对被请求引渡人采取的引渡强制措施。
Article 37 If the foreign state withdraws or waives the request for extradition, the compulsory measure taken against the person sought shall be terminated immediately.
第五节引渡的执行
Section 5 Execution of Extradition
第三十八条引渡由公安机关执行。对于国务院决定准予引渡的，外交部应当及时通知公安部，并通知请求国与公安部约定移交被请求引渡人的时间、地点、方式以及执行引渡有关的其他事宜。
Article 38 Extradition shall be executed by the public security organs. Where the State Council decides to grant extradition, the Ministry of foreign Affairs shall, without delay, notify the Ministry of Public Security of the decision, and notify the Requesting State to consult with the Ministry of Public Security for arrangements with regard to the time, place, manners for surrender of the person sought and other matters related to execution of the extradition.
第三十九条对于根据本法第三十八条的规定执行引渡的，公安机关应当根据人民法院的裁定，向请求国移交与案件有关的财物。
Article 39 Where extradition is to be executed in accordance with the provisions of Article 38 of this Law, the public security organ shall, in accordance with the decision of the People's Court, transfer the property related to the case to the Requesting State.
因被请求引渡人死亡、逃脱或者其他原因而无法执行引渡时，也可以向请求国移交上述财物。
When extradition cannot be executed for reasons of death or escape of the person sought or for other reasons, the property mentioned above may, all the same, be transferred to the Requesting State.
第四十条请求国自约定的移交之日起十五日内不接收被请求引渡人的，应当视为自动放弃引渡请求。公安机关应当立即释放被请求引渡人，外交部可以不再受理该国对同一犯罪再次提出的引渡该人的请求。
Article 40 Where, within 15 days from the date agreed on for surrender, the Requesting State does not take over the person sought, it shall be regarded as waiving the request for extradition of its own accord. The public security organ shall immediately release the person, and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs may refuse to accept any fresh request by the Requesting State for extradition of the person for the same offence.
请求国在上述期限内因无法控制的原因不能接收被请求引渡人的，可以申请延长期限，但最长不得超过三十日，也可以根据本法第三十八条的规定重新约定移交事宜。
Where, for reasons beyond its control, the Requesting State fails to take over the person sought within the above-mentioned time limit, it may request an extension of the time limit for not more than 30 days, or seek to negotiate for fresh arrangements for surrender in accordance with the provisions of Article 38 of this Law.
第四十一条被引渡人在请求国的刑事诉讼终结或者服刑完毕之前逃回中华人民共和国的，可以根据请求国再次提出的相同的引渡请求准予重新引渡，无需请求国提交本章第二节规定的文件和材料。
Article 41 Where the person under extradition escapes back to the People's Republic of China before criminal proceedings are terminated or his sentence is served in the Requesting State, that person may be re- extradited upon a fresh request for extradition made the requesting State in respect of the same offence and the Requesting State need not submit the documents and material provided for in Section 2 of this Chapter.
第六节暂缓引渡和临时引渡
Section 6 Postponed and Temporary Extradition
第四十二条国务院决定准予引渡时，对于中华人民共和国司法机关正在对被请求引渡人由于其他犯罪进行刑事诉讼或者执行刑罚的，可以同时决定暂缓引渡。
Article 42 Where the judicial organ of the People's Republic of China is, for other reasons, conducting criminal proceedings or executing criminal punishment against the person sought, the State Council may decide to postpone the extradition while approving it.
第四十三条如果暂缓引渡可能给请求国的刑事诉讼造成严重障碍，在不妨碍中华人民共和国领域内正在进行的刑事诉讼，并且请求国保证在完成有关诉讼程序后立即无条件送回被请求引渡人的情况下，可以根据请求国的请求，临时引渡该人。
Article 43 If postponed extradition may seriously impede the criminal proceedings in the Requesting State, the person sought may be extradited temporarily upon the request of the Requesting State on condition that the criminal proceedings being conducted in the territory of the People's Republic of China are not hindered and the Requesting State undertakes to send back that person unconditionally and immediately after concluding the relevant proceedings.
临时引渡的决定，由国务院征得最高人民法院或者最高人民检察院的同意后作出。
The decision on temporary extradition shall be made by the State Council after obtaining consent of the Supreme People's Court or the Supreme People's Procuratorate, as the case may be.
第七节引渡的过境
Section 7 Transit for Extradition
第四十四条外国之间进行引渡需要经过中华人民共和国领域的，应当按照本法第四条和本章第二节的有关规定提出过境请求。
Article 44 Where extradition between foreign states involves transit through the territory of the People's of China, the foreign states shall, in accordance with the relevant provisions of Article 4 and in Section 2 of this Chapter of this Law, make a request for such transit.
过境采用航空运输并且在中华人民共和国领域内没有着陆计划的，不适用前款规定；但发生计划外着陆的，应当依照前款规定提出过境请求。
The preceding paragraph is not applicable where air transport is used for transit and no landing in the territory of the People's Republic of China is scheduled. In the event of an unscheduled landing, a request for transit shall be submitted in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph.
第四十五条对于外国提出的过境请求，由外交部根据本法的有关规定进行审查，作出准予过境或者拒绝过境的决定。
Article 45 The Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall, in accordance with the relevant provisions of this Law, examine the request for transit made by a foreign state, and make a decision on whether to permit it or not.
准予过境或者拒绝过境的决定应当由外交部通过与收到请求相同的途径通知请求国。
The decision to permit transit or to refuse transit shall be notified to the Requesting State by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs through the same channels as the ones through which the request is received.
外交部作出准予过境的决定后，应当将该决定及时通知公安部。过境的时间、地点和方式等事宜由公安部决定。
After making the decision to permit transit, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall, without delay, notify the Ministry of Public Security of the same. The Ministry of Public Security shall decide on such matters as the time, place and manners for the transit.
第四十六条引渡的过境由过境地的公安机关监督或者协助执行。
Article 46 The public security organ in the place of transit shall supervise or assist in the execution of transit for extradition.
公安机关可以根据过境请求国的请求，提供临时羁押场所。
The public security organ may provide a temporary place for custody upon the request of the Requesting State.
第三章向外国请求引渡
Chapter III Request Made to Foreign States for Extradition
第四十七条请求外国准予引渡或者引渡过境的，应当由负责办理有关案件的省、自治区或者直辖市的审判、检察、公安、国家安全或者监狱管理机关分别向最高人民法院、最高人民检察院、公安部、国家安全部、司法部提出意见书，并附有关文件和材料及其经证明无误的译文。
Article 47 When requesting a foreign state to grant extradition or transit for extradition, the adjudicative organ, procuratorate organ, public security organ, state security organ or prison administration organ responsible for handling the case concerned in a province, autonomous region and municipality directly under the Central Government shall submit its written opinions accompanied by relevant documents and material with certified correct translation respectively to the Supreme People's Court, the Supreme People's Procuratorate, the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of State Security and the Ministry of Justice.
最高人民法院、最高人民检察院、公安部、国家安全部、司法部分别会同外交部审核同意后，通过外交部向外国提出请求。
After the Supreme People's Court, the Supreme People's Procuratorate, the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of State Security and the Ministry of Justice have, respectively in conjunction with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, reviewed the opinions and approved to make the request, the request shall be submitted to the foreign state through the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
第四十八条在紧急情况下，可以在向外国正式提出引渡请求前，通过外交途径或者被请求国同意的其他途径，请求外国对有关人员先行采取强制措施。
Article 48 Under urgent circumstances, before a formal request for extradition is made, the request to take compulsory measures against the person concerned may be submitted to the foreign state through diplomatic channels or other channels consented by the Requested State.
第四十九条引渡、引渡过境或者采取强制措施的请求所需的文书、文件和材料，应当依照引渡条约的规定提出；没有引渡条约或者引渡条约没有规定的，可以参照本法第二章第二节、第四节和第七节的规定提出；被请求国有特殊要求的，在不违反中华人民共和国法律的基本原则的情况下，可以按照被请求国的特殊要求提出。
Article 49 The instruments, documents and material required for request for extradition, for transit for extradition, or for taking compulsory measures shall be submitted in accordance with the provisions of extradition treaties, or where there are no such treaties or no such provisions in such treaties to go by, the provisions of Sections 2, 4 and 7 of this Chapter may be applied mutatis mutandis, or where the Requested State raises specific requirements, those requirements may be complied with on condition that the basic principles contained in the laws of the People's Republic of China are not violated.
第五十条被请求国就准予引渡附加条件的，对于不损害中华人民共和国主权、国家利益、公共利益的，可以由外交部代表中华人民共和国政府向被请求国作出承诺。
Article 50 Where the Requested State grants extradition with strings attached, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs may, on behalf of the Government of the People's Republic of China, make assurance on condition that the sovereignty, national interests and public interests of the People's Republic of China are not impaired.
对于限制追诉的承诺，由最高人民检察院决定；对于量刑的承诺，由最高人民法院决定。
The assurance with regard to restriction on prosecution shall be subject to decision by the Supreme People's Procuratorate; the assurance with regard to measurement of penalty shall be subject to decision by the Supreme People's Court.
在对被引渡人追究刑事责任时，司法机关应当受所作出的承诺的约束。
In investigating criminal responsibility of the person extradited, the judicial organ shall be bound by the assurance made.
第五十一条公安机关负责接收外国准予引渡的人以及与案件有关的财物。
Article 51 The public security organ shall be responsible for taking over the person whose extradition is granted by the foreign state as well as the property related to the case.
对于其他部门提出引渡请求的，公安机关在接收被引渡人以及与案件有关的财物后，应当及时转交提出引渡请求的部门；也可以会同有关部门共同接收被引渡人以及与案件有关的财物。
Where the request for extradition is made by other organs, the public security organ shall, after taking over the person extradited and the property related to the case, transfer them to the said organs without delay, or take over the said person and related property in conjunction with the organs concerned.
第四章附则
Chapter IV Supplementary Provisions
第五十二条根据本法规定是否引渡由国务院决定的，国务院在必要时，得授权国务院有关部门决定。
Article 52 Where, in accordance with the provisions of this Law, whether to grant extradition is subject to decision by the State Council, the State Council may, when necessary, authorize relevant departments to make the decision.
第五十三条请求国提出请求后撤销、放弃引渡请求，或者提出引渡请求错误，给被请求引渡人造成损害，被请求引渡人提出赔偿的，应当向请求国提出。
Article 53 where the person sought suffers any harm because the Requesting State, after submitting the request for extradition, withdraws or waives the request, or makes a mistake in requesting for extradition and the person presents a claim for compensation, such claim shall be presented to the Requesting State.
第五十四条办理引渡案件产生的费用，依照请求国和被请求国共同参加、签订的引渡条约或者协议办理。
Article 54 The expenses arising from the handling of a case of extradition shall be defrayed in accordance with extradition treaties or agreements which both the Requesting State and the Requested State have acceded to or signed.
第五十五条本法自公布之日起施行。
Article 55 This Law shall go into effect as of the date of promulgation.
20 December 2009
金融词汇 （1）
Accounts payable 应付帐款
Accounts receivable 应收帐款
Accrued interest 应计利息
Accredited Investors 合资格投资者；受信投资人
指符合美国证券交易委员(SEC)条例，可参与一般美国非公开(私募)发行的部份机构和高净值个人投资者
Accredit value 自然增长值
ACE 美国商品交易所
ADB 亚洲开发银行
ADR 美国存股证；美国预托收据； 美国存托凭证
[股市] 指由负责保管所存托外国股票的存托银行所发行一种表明持有人拥有多少外国股票(即存托股份)的收据。ADR一般以美元计价和进行交易，及被视为美国证券。对很多美国投资者而言，买卖ADR比买卖ADR所代表的股票更加方便、更流动、成本较低和容易。
大部份预托收据为ADR；但也可以指全球预托收(GDR) ，欧洲预托收据(EDR) 或国际预托收据(IDR) 。从法律和行政立场而言，所有预托收据具有同样的意义。
ADS 美国存托股份
Affiliated company 关联公司；联营公司
After-market 后市
[股市] 指某只新发行股票在定价和配置后的交易市场。市场参与者关注的是紧随的后市情况，即头几个交易日。有人把后市定义为股价稳定期，即发行结束后的30天。也有人认为后市应指稳定期过后的交易市况。然而，较为普遍的是把这段时期视为二级市场
AGM 周年大会
Agreement 协议；协定
All-or-none order 整批委托
Allocation 分配；配置
Allotment 配股
Alpha (Market Alpha) 阿尔法；预期市场可得收益水平
Alternative investment 另类投资
American Commodities Exchange 美国商品交易所
American Depository Receipt 美国存股证；美国预托收据；美国存托凭证 (简称“ADR ”参见ADR栏目)
American Depository Share 美国存托股份
Amercian Stock Exchange 美国证券交易所
American style option 美式期权
Amex 美国证券交易所
Amortization 摊销
Amsterdam Stock Exchange 阿姆斯特丹证券交易所
Annual General Meeting 周年大会
Antitrust 反垄断
APEC 亚太区经济合作组织(亚太经合组织)
Arbitrage 套利；套汇；套戥
Arbitration 仲裁
Arm's length transaction 公平交易
Articles of Association 公司章程；组织细则
At-the-money option 平价期权；等价期权
ASEAN 东南亚国家联盟 (东盟)
Asian bank syndication market 亚洲银团市场
Asian dollar bonds 亚洲美元债券
Asset Allocation 资产配置
Asset Management 资产管理
Asset swap 资产掉期
Assignment method 转让方法；指定分配方法
ASX 澳大利亚证券交易所
Auckland Stock Exchange 奥克兰证券交易所
Auction market 竞价市场
Authorized capital 法定股本；核准资本
Authorized fund 认可基金
Authorized representative 授权代表
Australian Options Market 澳大利亚期权交易所
Australian Stock Exchange 澳大利亚证券交易所
Back-door listing 借壳上市
Back-end load 撤离费；后收费用
Back office 后勤办公室
Back to back FX agreement 背靠背外汇协议
Balance of trade 贸易平衡
Balance sheet 资产负债表
Balloon maturity 期末放气式偿还
Balloon payment 最末期大笔还清
Bank, Banker, Banking 银行；银行家；银行业
Bank for International Settlements 国际结算银行
Bankruptcy 破产
Base day 基准日
Base rate 基准利率
Basis point 基点；点子
Basis swap 基准掉期
Bear market 熊市；股市行情看淡
Bearer 持票人
Bearer stock 不记名股票
Behind-the-scene 未开拓市场
Below par 低于平值
Benchmark 比较基准
Beneficiary 受益人
Beta (Market beta) 贝他(系数)；市场风险指数
Best practice 最佳做法
Bills department 押汇部
BIS 国际结算银行
Blackout period 封锁期
Block trade 大额交易；大宗买卖
Blue chips 蓝筹股
Board of directors 董事会
Bona fide buyer 真诚买家
Bond market 债券市场，债市
Bonds 债券，债票
Bonus issue 派送红股
Bonus share 红股
Book value 帐面值
Bookbuilding 建立投资者购股意愿档案
[股市] 包销商用以定价一笔发行的方法。包销商在促销活动结束后把所收集的初步购股订单一一记下，然后根据投资者愿意支付的价格水平订定最终发行价。
Bookrunner 投资意愿建档人；帐簿管理人
[股市] 指负责为发行建立投资者购股意愿档案的银行，亦即负责为一笔发行组织承销、拟定不同市场的发行规模、执行促销活动、定价、配置和后市稳定工作的银行。
BOOT 建造；拥有；经营；转让
BOT 建造；经营；转让
Bottom line 底线；最低限度
Bottom-up 由下而上(方法)
Bounced cheque 空头支票
Bourse 股票交易所(法文)
BP (Basis Point) 基点
Brand management 品牌管理
Break-up fees 破除协议费用
Break-up valuation 破产清理价值评估
Breakeven point 收支平衡点
Bridging loan 临时贷款/过渡贷款
Broker, Broking,
Brokerage House 经纪；证券买卖；证券交易；证券行；经纪行
Brussels Stock Exchange 布鲁塞尔证券交易所
BSSM 建造/设备供应-服务/维修
Bubble economy 泡沫经济
Build, Operate and Transfer 建造、经营、转让
Build, Own, Operate and Transfer 建造；拥有；经营；转让
Build/Supply-Service/Maintain 建造/设备供应-服务/维修
Bull market 牛市；股市行情看涨
Bullets 不得赎回直至到期(债券结构之一)
Bullish 看涨; 看好行情
Bundesbank 德国联邦银行；德国央行
Business day 营业日
Business management 业务管理；商务管理；工商管理
Business studies 业务研究；商业研究
Buy-back 回购
Buy-side analyst 买方分析员
[股市]为机构投资者服务的股票研究分析员。
Buyer's credit 买方信贷（进口）
Buyout 收购；买入
By-law 细则；组织章程
CAC 巴黎CAC指数
CAGR 复合年增长率
Call-spread warrant 欧洲式跨价认股权证
Call option 认购期权
Call protection/provision 赎回保障/条款
Call warrant 认购认股权证
Callable bond 可赎回债券
Cap 上限
Capacity 生产能力；产能
CAPEX 资本支出
Capital Adequacy Ratio 资本充足比率
Capital base 资本金；资本基楚
Capital expenditure 资本支出
Capitalization >资本值
Capital markets 资本市场；资金市场
Capital raising 融资；筹集资金
Cash-settled warrant 现金认股权证
Cash earnings per share 每股现金盈利
Cash flow 现金流量
CCASS 中央结算及交收系统
CD 存款证
CEDEL 世达国际结算系统(即欧洲货币市场结算系统)
Ceiling 上限
Ceiling-floor agreement 上下限协议
Central Clearing & Settlement System 中央结算及交收系统
CEO 行政总栽；行政总监；首席执行官
Certificate of deposit 存款证
Certificate of incumbency 公司授权/委任书
CFO 财务总监；首席财务官
Change of domicile 迁册(公司更改注册地址)
Chicago Board of Trade 芝加哥交易所
Chicago Board Options Exchange 芝加哥期权交易所
Chicago Mercantile Exchange 芝加哥商品交易所
China banking 中国银行业
China Capital Markets 中国资本市场；中国资金市场
China International Capital Corporation, CICC 中国国际金融有限公司；中金公司
China privatization 中国民营化；中国私有化；中国私营化
China restructuring 中国重组；中国改组
China Securities Regulatory Commission 中国证监会
China Stock Markets 中国股票市场；中国股市
Chinese Wall 中国墙
指投资银行部与销售部或交易人员之间的隔离，以防范敏感消息外泄，从而构成内幕交易
Claim 索偿
Clawback notification 回拨/增加本地公开发行份额通知
Clean price 洁净价
[债市] 指债券包含应计利息的现值
Closed-end fund 封闭式基金
Co-lead manager 副主承销；联席主承销
Collars 利率上下限
Co-manager 副承销商
Comfort letter 安慰函；告慰信(由会计师发出)
Commercial loan 商业贷款
Commercial paper 商业票据
Commission rebate 佣金回扣
Commodity Exchange, Inc. 商品交易所有限公司 (纽约)
Company finance 公司融资公司财务
Complex cash flow 复合现金流
Compound annual growth rate 复合年增长率
Confidential pre-filing review 呈报前机密性审核
Confidential submission 机密呈交
Confidentiality agreement 保密协议
Conglomerate 集团/联合大企业/多业公司
Connected transaction 关联交易
Consideration 约定金额；代价；考虑因素
Constituent stock 成分股
Construction in progress 在建工程
Consumer Price Index 消费物价指数
Consumption 消费
Contingent liability 或有负债
Contractual joint venture 合约性合作/合资经营
Controlling stake/interest 控股权/权益
Conventional cap 传统上限
Conversion of state assets into state shares 国家资产作价入股
Conversion premium 转换溢价
Conversion price 转换价
Converted net collections 转换后净收入
Convertible bonds 可转换债券；可换股债券
Convexity 债券凸性
[债市]用以量度某只债券的价格与收益关系的方法。存续期间变化比率。
COO 营运总监；首席营运官
Copenhagen Stock Exchange 哥本哈根证券交易所
Corporate finance 企业融资
Corporate governance 企业管治；公司治理
Corporate vision 企业视野
Corporatization 公司化
Cost 成本
Cost overrun loans 成本垫支贷款
Counsel's opinion 法律顾问意见书
Counterparty credit exposure 对手的信贷风险
Coupon 票息；券息
[债市]发行人承诺会按面值年率计算，向债券持有人支付直至到期日的债券利息。举例：假如债券的票息为10%，每年便按面值100元支付10元的利息，一般是分期每6个月(半年) 或3个月(每季) 派息一次。
Coupon rate 孳息率；票息
Coupon frequency 派息频率
[债市] 指债券每年派发利息的次(比如每月、每季、每半年或每年一次)
Covenant 契约
Covered warrant 备兑认股权证
CPI 消费物价指数
Credit facilities 信贷措施
Credit foncia amortization 抵押式摊还法
Credit line 备用信贷；信用额度
Credit rating 信用评级；信贷评级
Credit spread 债券息差
Creditwatch 债信观察
Cross currency interest rate swap 交叉货币利率掉期
CSRC 中国证券监督管理委员会
Currency option 货币期权
Currency swap 货币掉期
Current account deficit 收支往来帐户赤字
Current/liquid ratio 流动比率
Customs & usages 惯例和用法
Custodian 保管机构；托管人
Cyclicality 周期
DAX 德国综合指数
Day count 日算
[债市] 用以计算债券到期前部份期间的应计利息和折现率的协议日数。
Day order 当日指令
Debt equity ratio 债资比率；股本负债率
Debt issuing vehicles 债务发行工具
Debt service coverage ratio 债务偿还比率
Default fine 违约罚金
Defaulting 违约；不履行义务
Deferred asset 递延资产
Deferred charges 递延费用；待摊费用
Deferred tax 递延税项
Deflation 通货紧缩；通缩
Deleveraged 削减头寸
Depreciation 折旧
Derivatives 派生产品；衍生产品；衍生金融投资工具
Deutsche Borse AG 德国证券及衍生工具交易所
Deutsche Terminborse 德国期货交易所
Dilution 摊薄
Direct labor cost 直接劳动成本
Directors' undertakings 董事承诺
Dirty price 脏价
[债市] 指债券不包括应计利息的现值。
Disclosure 信息披露
Discount rate 折扣率；贴现率
Dishonoured cheque 空头支票
Dividend 股息
DJIA 道琼斯工业平均指数
Domesitc Qualified Institutional Investor 国内合资格机构投资者
Double bottom/double dip 双底 (金融图表)
Dow Jones Industries Average Index 道琼斯工业平均指数
DQII 国内合资格机构投资者
Dragon bonds 小龙债券
Drawing expense in advance 预提费用
Dual currency bonds 双货币债券
Due diligence 尽职调查
指为了达成承销一笔证券发行的目的，针对某公司或企业的业务、财务状况和前景(包括其面对的主要风险) 而进行的一个全面的调查。尽职调查一般可分为业务尽职调查和法律尽职调查两类。
Duration 存续期间
[债市] 测量某只债券由于收益变动而产生价格变动的方法。一种测算债券价格波幅相等于债券加权平均到期年期现金流的敏感性测量方法。
E-commerce 电子商务
E-tailers 网上零售商
Earning per share 每股盈利
EBITDA 未计利息、税项、折旧及摊销前盈利
EEC 欧洲经济共同体 (欧共体)
Emerging market 新兴市场
EMU 欧洲货币联盟
Engagement letter 委托书
Environmental protection 环(境) 保(护)
Environmental waste 环境废物
EPS 每股盈利
Equity, Equities 股本，股权，股票
Equity cushion 股本作垫
EU 欧洲联盟(欧盟)
Eurodollar bonds 欧洲美元债券
European Economic Community 欧洲经济共同体（欧共体）
European Monetary Union 欧洲货币联盟
European Options Exchange 欧洲期权交易所 (阿姆斯特丹)
European style option 欧式期权
European Union 欧洲联盟（欧盟）
Ex-coupon 不附息票
Exotic option 第二代期权组合（设回报上或下限）
Exploitation license 采矿许可证
Exploitation right 采矿权
Exploration right 探矿权
Extendible bonds 可延期债券
Extraordinary item 非经常项目
Face value 面值
FEC 外汇券
Federal Open Market Committee 美国联邦公开市场委员会
Fee-Based Content 收费信息 （互联网）
Fiduciary 信托人/信托机构
Fiduciary duty 受信责任；诚信义务
Financial Advisor 财务顾问；融资顾问
Financial Business Operation Permit 经营金融业务许可证
Financial forecast 财务预测
Financial Management 财务管理
Financial Markets, Financial Products 金融市场；金融产品
Financial Services 金融服务
Fixed asset losses in suspense 待处理固定资产损失
Fixed income 固定收益；定息债券
Floating Rate Note 浮息票据
Floor 下限
Floor broker 出市经纪
Follow-on offering 后续发行
FOMC 联邦公开市场委员会
Foreign-funded enterprise 外商投资企业
Foreign Exchange 外汇
Foreign Exchange Business Operation Permit 经营外汇业务许可证
Foreign Exchange Certificate 外汇券
Foreign exchange mortgage loan 外汇抵押贷款
Foreign exchange swap center 外汇调剂中心
Formulae Based Amortization 按公式计算的摊还方法
Forward Rate Agreement 远期利率协议
FRA 远期利率协议
Franchiser 项目招商人
Franchisor 特许专营受权公司
Frankfurt Stock Exchange 法兰克福证券交易所
Free float 公众持股量
[股市] 指由机构投资者及公众投资者所持有的股份总数占公司已发行股票总数的百分比
FRN 浮息票据
FTSE Index 伦敦金融时报指数 (又称富时指数)
Fund Management 基金管理
Futures 期货
FX 外汇
G&A 一般费用及行政费用
G7 七大工业国
GAAP 一般公认会计原则
Gateway 网关/国际关口局
GATT 关税及贸易从协定
GDP 国内生产总值
GDR 全球预托收据；全球存股证
Gearing ratio 运用倍数
General Acceptable Accounting Principle 一般公认会计原则
General Agreement on Tariffs
& Trade 关税及贸易从协定
General & Administrative Expenses 一般费用及行政费用
General management 一般管理；综合管理
Global bearer warrant 全球不记名认股权证
Global coordinator 全球协调人
Global Depository Receipt 全球预托证券；全球存股证
Global finance 全球金融；全球财务
Global financial firm/institution 全球金融公司/机构；世界性金融公司/机构
Global offering 全球发行
GNP 国民生产总值
Going public 上市；公开上市
Goodwill amortization 商誉价值摊销
Government Concessionary
& Soft Loan 政府特许及软性贷款
Greenshoe 绿鞋；超额配售选择权
[股市] 超额配售是所有股票发行的一个重要元素，特别是对采用Bookbuilding销售方法的发行而言。包销发行成功主要归功于能争取到高于发行量的投资者需求。在这情况下，未能满足的需求会向后市寻求买入，从而有助实现强劲的价格表现和提高发行在二级市场的流动性。为了让包销商能超额配售然后具有灵活度可从市场买回股份以有助稳定后市的交易价，发行人授予包销商greenshoe，一般相当于发行量的15%，让包销商有选择权可于定价日后30天 (稳定期) 内以发行价向发行人买入额外股份。额外股份只能用于配售给未获满足的超出发行量的投资者订单。超额配售选择权通常是股价在二级市场上升才被行使，不然的话，一般会通过从二级市场买回股票以填补超额销售的数量。
Gross domestic product 国内生产总值
Gross national product 国民生产总值
Gross profit 毛利润
Gross spread 总差额
[股市]也称为总佣金或总费用。发行总差额包含三个部份：承销费、经办费和销售特许佣金。
Group of Seven 七大工业国
Gun jumping 偷步
Hang Seng China Enterprise Index 恒生中国企业指数 (香港)
Hang Seng Index 恒生指数 (香港)
Hedge Fund 对冲基金；套保基金
Hedging 对冲; 套保
HIBOR 香港银行同业拆借利率
HKFE 香港期货交易所有限公司
HKMA 香港金融管理局(金管局)
HKSAR 香港特别行政区
HKSCC 香港中央结算有限公司
HKSE 香港证券交易所
Holding Company 控股公司
Homepage 首页（互联网）
Hong Kong Futures Exchange Ltd. 香港期货交易所有限公司
Hong Kong Interbank Offer Rate 香港银行同业拆放利率
Hong Kong Monetary Authority 香港金融管理局(金管局)
Hong Kong Securities Clearing Co. Ltd. 香港中央结算有限公司
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 香港特别行政区
Hong Kong Stock Exchange 香港证券交易所
HSCEI 恒生中国企业指数 (香港)
HSI 恒生指数(恒指) (香港)
Hybrid cap 混合上限
IAS 国际会计准则
ICP 互联网内容供货商
Idle funds 闲置资金
IMF 国际货币基金
IMM 国际货币市场
Implicit deflator 隐性通货紧缩指数
Import quota 进口配额
Import tariff 进口关税
In-the-money 价内（期权）
Incentive site 鱼饵网点（互联网）
Income tax 所得税；入息税；薪俸税
Indemnification 赔偿
Indexed performance 指数表现
Indicative price 指示性价格
Industrail and Commercial Consolidated Tax 工商统一税
Information memorandum 资料备忘录
Information technology 信息科技
Initial Conversion Premium 初次转换溢价
Initial Public Offering 首次公开招股发行
Insider trading 内幕交易
Institutional investor 机构投资者
Intangible asset 无形资产
Intellectual property (IP) 知识产权
Interest Rate Swap 利率掉期
Intergovernmental loan 政府间贷款
Interim report 中期报告
Intermediary 中介机构; 中介人
International Accounting Standards 国际会计准则
International Finance 国际融资
International Market 国际市场
International Monetary Fund 国际货币基金
International Monetary Market 国际货币市场
International Organization for Standardization 国际标准化组织
International Trust & Investment Corp. 国际信托投资公司(国投公司)
Internet Content Provider 互联网内容供货商
Internet presence 网上广告
Intrinsic value 内在价值
Inventory 存货；库存
Investment, Investing 投资
Investment advice, Investment advisor 投资咨询；投资顾问
Investment bank, Investment banking 投资银行；投资银行服务
Investment grade 投资级
Investment research 投资研究
Investor Relations 投资者关系
IPO 初次公开发行；首次公开招股
Investor Relations 投资者关系
Irrevocable letter of credit 不可撤消信用状
ISO 国际标准化组织
Issued (and outstanding) shares 已发行股票
Issuer 发行人
IT 信息科技
ITIC 国际信托投资公司(国投公司)
Joint account 联名帐户；共同帐户
Joint and several liabilities 共同及连带责任
Joint global coordinator 联席全球协调人
Joint stock company 股份有限公司
Joint venture 合营企业；合资企业
Jointly operated mines 联办矿
Junior mortgage 次级按揭
Junk bond 垃圾债券
Korea Composite Index 韩国综合指数
Korea Stock Exchange 韩国证券交易所
Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange 吉隆坡证券交易所
L/C 信用状
LBO 杠杆买断交易；借贷融资收购
Lead manager 主承销；牵头经办人
Legal persons shares 法人股
Lender 贷款人
Letter of credit 信用状
Leverage = level of debt/equity 债务水平/比重
Leveraged Buy Out 杠杆买断交易；借贷融资收购
Leveraged rate 杠杆比率
LIBOR 伦敦银行同业拆借利率
Lien 扣押；扣押权；留置权
LIFFE 伦敦国际金融期货及期权交易所
Limited recourse 有限追索权
Limited partnership 有限责任合伙
Linked Exchange Rate System 联系汇率制度
Liquid investment 短期投资
Liquid Yield Option Note 流动收息权利票据
Liquidity 流动性；流动资金；变现能力
Liquidity ratio 速动比率
Listed company 上市公司
Litigation 诉讼
Local toll collecting highway infrastructure index 地方收费公路基楚设施指数
Lock-in 自然出现（条件）
Lock-out 自然消失（条件）
Lock-up 锁定；封锁
[股市]由发行公司或第三者供应方(如适用)作出承诺，在事先未取得承销商(包销商) 的同意前，不得进一步出售股份。封锁期一般是180天，但也可视乎情况而较长。
Lock-Up Agreement 锁定协议
London Commodity Exchange 伦敦商品交易所
London Interbank Offer Rate 伦敦银行同业拆放利率
London International Financial Futures and Options Exchange 伦敦国际金融期货及期权交易所
London Metal Exchange 伦敦金属交易所
London Stock Exchange 伦敦证券交易所
London Traded Options Market 伦敦期权市场
Long (position) 长仓；好仓；看涨
Long call 买入认购权；认购长仓
Long forward 买远期
Long put 买入认沽权；认购短仓
Long-term shareholding (loyalty) incentive 长期持股优惠
Long-term supply agreement 长期供应协议
Loose bond 短期买卖债券
Low-Budget Operation 小本经营
Loyalties 特许费
LSE 伦敦证券交易所
LTOM 伦敦期权市场
LYON 流动收息权利票据
M&A 合并与收购
Macroeconomic 宏观经济；总体经济
Madrid Stock Exchange 马德里证券交易所
Makati Stock Exchange 马卡地证券交易所
Make-Whole Call 以支付溢价为成本的提前还款权利
Make-Whole Provision >提前赎回补偿
Management Best Practice 管理最佳做法
Management Buy-Out, MBO 管理层买断交易；管理层收购
Management fee 经办费
[股市]经办费是支付给银行作为它们处理为准备和执行一笔发行所涉及的工作的报酬，包括设计发行结、组织承销团、准备文件和促销材料等。经办费的基本拆帐方法是按所承担的包销数量计算，认同了有较大包销承担的个别机构一般也承担较多的工作量。此外，设有支付予发行高级参与方的称之“praecipium” 的额外酬金。
Management Seminar, Management Tools 管理人员研讨会；管理工具
Manila Stock Exchange 马尼拉证券交易所
Marche a Terme International
de France 法国国际期货及期权市场
Marche des Options Negociables
de la Bourse de Paris 巴黎证券交易所期货市场
Margin [期货交易] 保证金；按金
Margin call 要求增补按金
Mark-to-market 按市值计价
Market Capitalization 市场资本值；市值
Market maker 报价商；市场庄家
Market order 市价委托
Market share 市场占有率；市场份额
Marketable securities 有价证券
Marketing 促销；推介；营销
[股市] 首次公开招股(IPO) 的促销期包括有公司管理层参与向投资者宣传其投资故事的公司路演、和帐簿管理人向投资者收集订单的Bookbuilding销售活动。期内，经办银行和投资者双方间的销售和研究人员会定期进行对话。紧接发行前促销活动，促销期经过Bookbuilding程序和发行定价的完成而结束。
Material misstatement 重大失实陈述
MATIF 法国国际期货及期权市场
Mature market 成熟市场
Maturity 到期
[债市] 指债券或其它债务工具已到期并须支付总本金金额的日期
Medium and long term loans 中长期贷款
Medium Term Note 中期票据
Memorandum Of Understanding 谅解备忘录
Mergers & Acquisitions, M&A 合并和收购；并购
MFN 最惠国待遇
Milan Stock Exchange 米兰证券交易所
Minority interest 少数股东权益
Monetize 货币化
Monopoly Enterprise 垄断/独占企业
Montreal Stock Exchange 蒙特利尔证券交易所
Moratorium 冻结；宣布停止还款；延期付款命令
Mortgage-backed security 有抵押证券
Most Favored Nation 最惠国待遇
MOU 谅解备忘录
MSCI (Morgan Stanley Capital International) 摩根士丹利资本国际
MTN 中期票据
Multi-Lateral Netting 多边净额
Multi-Tranche Offering 分期或分多个份额发行
Mutual Funds 共同基金；互惠基金
Nagoya Stock Exchange 名古屋证券交易所
NAPS 国家自动支付系统 (中国)
NASDAQ 纳斯达克
(全国证券交易商自动传报协会)
National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations 全国证券交易商自动报价协会
(美国)
National Automated Payment System 国家自动支付系统 (中国)
Natural resources 自然资源
NAV 资产净值
Net asset value 资产净值
Net book value 帐面净值
Net income 净收入
New York Cotton Exchange, Inc. 纽约棉花交易所有限公司
New York Futures Exchange 纽约期货交易所
New York Mercantile Exchange 纽约商品交易所
New York Produce Exchange 纽约农产品交易所
New York Stock Exchange 纽约证券交易所
Non-callable 不可赎回
Non-deliverable 不交收
Non-farm payroll data 非农业人员收入数据
Non-operating income 非经营收入
Non-Performing Loans 不良贷款；逾放款；到期未能偿还贷款
Notes receivable 应收票据
Notional size 票面规模
NPLs 不良贷款；逾放款；到期未能偿还贷款
Obligatory right 强制性权利；债权
OD 帐户透支
OECD 经济合作及发展组织(经合组织)
Off-balance sheet 资产负债表外
Off-budgetary 财务预算外
One-on-one 一对一会议
[股市]发行人与单一机构投资者进行的会议。一对一会议一般只会安排给很有可能会买入相当大量股票和表示有兴趣与管理层会面的大型机构。
One-time mandatory call/put option 一次性强制转换的认购/认沽期权
OPEC 石油出口国组织
Open-end funds 无限额基金
Operating concessions 特许经营权
Operating profit/margin 经营利润
Option 期权；选择权
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development 经济合作及发展组织(经合组织)
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries 石油出口国组织
Osaka Securities Exchange 大板证券交易所
Oslo Stock Exchange 奥斯陆证券交易所
OTC 场外交易
Out-of-the-money 价外；失值（期权）
Over-allotment option 超额配售选择权(参见Greenshoe栏目)
Over-subscription 超额认购
[股市] 一笔发行，当投资者需求(以股份数目计算)高于所发行的股份数目时，便称为超额认购。超额认购的程度往往被用作为衡量一笔发行成功的指
Over-The-Counter 场外交易
Over Draft 帐户透支
Overhead cost 间接成本
Owned fund/own funds 自有资金
P/E multiple 市盈倍数
P/E ratio 市盈率；本益比
Pacific Economic Cooperation Council 太平洋经济合作会议
Pacific Stock Exchange 太平洋证券交易所
Pageview 页视；浏览页数（互联网）
Paid-up capital 实收资本；已缴足资本
Pan-European Stock Exchange 泛欧证券交易所
Par 票面值
Par bonds 有面值债券
Paris Bourse 巴黎证券交易所
Parity 平价
Patent 专利
Payoff profile 盈利分析
PECC 太平洋经济合作会议
Penalty provision 惩罚/罚金条款
Per capita income 人均收入
Performance bond 履约保证
Performance buydowns 履约不足赔偿金
Performing loan 良好贷款
Philadelphia Stock Exchange 费城证券交易所
Physical assets reserve specifically authorized 特准储备物资
Physical warrant 实股认股权证
Plant 厂房
Pollutant 污染物
Pollutant charge 排污费
Portfolio Management 资产组合管理
Post-dated cheque 期票
Pot names 法人优惠名单/保留户
Potential obligation 潜在义务/负债
Power of attorney 授权书
PR 公共关系(公关)
Praecipium 额外酬金
[股市] 从发行经办费(本身为总佣金、总费用或总差额的其中一部份)分割出来的若干份额部份给全球协调人的酬金。
PRC - People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国(中国)
Pre-emptive right 优先权；先买权
Preference shares 优先股
Preferential treatment 优惠待遇
Premium 期权金；溢价
Premium put 溢价赎回
Premium put structure 含沽出期权式结构
Present value 现值
Press release 新闻(发布) 稿
Price 价格；定价
Price range 定价区间（发行）
Price talk 定价谈判
Primary debt 一级发行债券
Prime rate 最优惠利率
Principal 本金
Private Banking 私人银行；个人银行
Private Equity 私募股本；非上市股本；非上市股票；直接投资
Private placement 私募配售；非公开配售
Privately operated mines 民采矿
Privately negotiated options 私下洽商期权
Private Wealth Management 私人财富管理
Privatization 民营化；私有化；私营化
Proforma 备考报表；预计报表 项目/贷款安
Program arranger 排人
Project approval 立项
Project finance 项目融资
Promissory note 本票
Prospectus 招股书；发售说明书
PSE 太平洋证券交易所
Public filing 公开呈报
Public Listing 公开上市，挂牌上市
Public Relations 公共关系(公关)
Public welfare fund 福利基金; 公益金
Publicity restriction 宣传限制
Pure play 单一业务公司
Put option 出售/认沽期权
Putable bond 可退回债券
Q&A 提问与回答；答问大会
QDII 合格本地机构投资者
QFII 合格境外机构投资者
QIB 合资格机构买家/投资者
[股市] 指一家总体拥有和具有酌情权在证券市场投资最1亿美元的机构。就银行机构而言，必须符合最低净值不少于2,500万美元的要求
Qualified Institutional Buyer 合资格机构买家/投资者
Qualified Domestic Institutional Investor 合格本地机构投资者
Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor 合格境外机构投资者
Quasi-credit fiancings 类似信用融资
Questionnaire 问卷
Quoted company (= listed company) 上市公司
Random assignment 随机分配
Rating 评级
Raw materials 原材料
Real Estate Investment Trusts 不动产投资信托公司
Realized interest rate 实现利率
Recapitalization 资本重组；再资本化
Recourse 追索权
Recognition of income 收入列帐
Recycling 循环再用
Redeem/redemption 赎回
Refinery 提炼
Registration statement 登记声明
REITS 不动产投资信托公司
Relative strength index 相对强弱指数
Repackaged asset vehicles 重新包装的资产工具
Representations and warranties 声明与保证
Residual asset 剩余资产
Residual value 残值；剩余价值
Restricted securities 受限制证券
Restructuring 改组；重组
Retail players (= retail investors) 散户/个人投资者
Return on asset 资产回报（率）
Return on capital employed 已投资资本回报（率）
Return on equity 股本回报（率）
Revenue-sharing 收入分成
Revolving credit 循还贷款
Right issue 供股（集资）
Rights to the priority distributions 优先分派权
Ring-fencing 绝缘防范
Risk factor 风险因素
Risk rated ratio 风险权重
ROA 资产回报（率）
Roadshow 路演；巡回推介说明会
[股市] 发售股票公司的管理层启程上路向投资者推介公司的一个活动程序。路演包括各种不同类型的会议，比如最受重视的主要投资者说明会和一对一投资者会议，以及间中也会进行的小组投资者会议。
ROCE 已投资资本回报（率）
ROE 股本回报（率）
RSI 相对强弱指数
Rule 144A 144A条例
美国(1933) 证券法第144A条容许发行人向合资格机构投资者(QIB)再发售某些证券而无需注册。通过豁免注册手续，144A条例显著提高了美国机构投资者买入外国公司证券的机会。目前美国有超过3,500家QIB。与已在美国证券交易所挂牌上市的证券同属一级别的证券并不符合144A条例的再发售资格。机构投资者买入根据144A条例而发行的美国预托证券(ADR) 有颇多限制，因此，在多数情况下，显著倾向买入已取得上市资格的ADR。
S&P 标准普尔
S&P 500 Index 标准普尔500种股份指数
Samurai bonds 武士债券
SEAQ 证券交易所自动报价系统 (英国)
SEATS 证券交易所另项交易系统 (英国)
SEC 证券交易委员会( 美国)
Second junior subordinated debenture 更次一级公司债
Secondary offering 二级发行；次级发行
Secular 长期性；非周期性
Securities 证券
Securities and Futures Commission 证券及期货事务监察委员会
(证监会)( 香港)
Securities Exchange Commission 证券交易委员会( 美国)
Securities Exchange of Thailand 泰国证券交易所
Sell-side analyst 卖方分析员
[股市] 受雇于投资银行或经纪行的股票研究分析员。
Selling concession 销售特许佣金
[股市] 在售出股票或投资者指派基准上，支付给承销团成员的总差额的其中一部份。销售特许佣金是激励销售的方法之一。
Senior debt 优先债务
Settlement 交割；结算
SFC 证券及期货事务监察委员会
(证监会)( 香港)
Shanghai Stock Exchange 上海证券交易所
Shareholder value 股东价值
Shares 股票；股份
Shell company 空壳公司
Shenzhen Foreign Exchange Trading Centre 深圳外汇交易中心
Shenzhen Stock Exchange 深圳证券交易所
Short-term revolving letter 短期循环信用状
Short (position) 沽空；短仓；淡仓；看跌
Short and medium term loans 中短期贷款
Short forward 卖远期
Sidelined investors 抱观望态度投资者
Sight draft 即期汇票
SIMEX 新加坡国际金融交易所
Singapore International Monetary Exchange 新加坡国际金融交易所
Singapore Stock Exchange 新加坡证券交易所
Singapore Straits Times Index 新加坡海峡时报指数
Sinking fund 偿债基金
SOEs 国有企业
Sovereign rate 国家信用评级
Special stock 特种股票
Spot price 现货价格
Spread 差额; 差价
Sprint period 冲刺期
Stall speed 失速
Standard & Poor 标准普尔
State-owned enterprise 国有企业
State shares 国家股
Stock Broker 股票经纪
Stock Exchange Alternative Trading System 证券交易所另项交易系统 (英国)
Stock Exchange Automated
Quotations System 证券交易所自动报价系统 (英国)
Stockholm Options Market 斯德哥尔摩期权市场
Stock Market 股票市场；股市
Stock Trader, Stock Trading 股票交易商；股票买卖
Stocks 股票；股份
Stop loss limit 止蚀限额
Strangle 勒束式期权组合
Strategic Investment, Strategic Investor 策略投资；战略投资；策略投资者；战略投资者
Strategic sale 战略出售
Stressed securities 债务危机证券
Strike price 执行价；行使价
Stripped securities 拆开证券
Structured bond 结构债券
Structured financing 结构融资
Subordinated debt 次级债务
Subordinated debt w/ revenue participation rights 附收益参与权利的次级债务
Subpar 次平值；低于预期水平
Supply and marketing cooperatives 供销合作社
Swap 掉期
Swaption 掉期期权
Syndicated loan 银团贷款
Synergy 增效作用; 协同效益
T/T 电汇
Taiwan Weighted Stock Index 台湾加权股价指数
Take position 坐盘
Tax benefits 税务优惠
Tax haven jurisdiction 税务优惠的司法权区
Taxable munis 课税的州政府债券
Telegraphic Transfer 电汇
Tender bond 投标担保/保证金
Term sheet 条款说明书
Tick size 价格变动单位
Tokyo Grain Exchange 东京谷物交易所
Tokyo International Financial Futures Exchange 东京国际金融期货交易所
Tokyo Stock Exchange 东京证券交易所
Tokyo Sugar Exchange 东京原糖交易所
Toll revenue bond 通行税收入债券
Toronto Futures Exchange 多伦多期货交易所
Toronto Stock Exchange 多伦多证券交易所
Tranche 发行份额/部分
Treasury 国库债券；国库券
Treasury strips 国库债券条子
Trustee deed 托管人契约
Turnover ratio 周转率
Unconditional and irrevocable letter of credit 无条件及不可撤销信用状
Underlying 所代表或相关的
Underwriter 包销商；承销商
Underwriting 包销
[股市] 传统的做法是一或多家银行保证在某个数目日子里，按某固定价格担保购买若干数目的股份。此类包销目前普遍被称为硬包销，相对于建立投资者购股意愿档案(Bookbuilding) 的做法，后者是一个要求投入最大努力的结构而非仅在Bookbuilding程序结束时。包销商承诺将买入发行没有售出的所有股票。
Underwriting syndicate 承销银团
Undistributed profit 未分配利润
Unilateral/bilateral agreement 单方面/双边协议
Unit trust 单位信托
Unlisted security 未上市证券
Unsecured debt 无担保债务
Upfront premium payment 一次清偿权利金
Upfront payment/fee 首笔支付费用
Upfront premium payment 一次清偿权利金
Upside risk 上调风险
US Financial Firm/Institution 美国金融公司/机构
US Investment Bank 美国投资银行
US GAAP 美国一般公认会计原则
US Treasury 美国国库债券
Use of proceeds 所得款项用途
Utilization rate 利用率；使用率
Valuation 估值
value-at-risk 风险值
value added tax 增值税
value fund 价值基金
Vanilla bonds 纯债券
Variable equity return 浮动股本回报 (率)
Venture capital 创业资金；创业投资
Vertical merger 垂直式合并
Volatility 波动；波幅
Volume 成交量
WACC 加权平均资金成本
Wages payable 应付工资
Weighted Average Cost of Capital 加权平均资金成本
Wellington Stock Exchange 威灵顿证券交易所
Winnipeg Commodities Exchange 温尼伯商品交易所
Witholding tax 预扣税
Working capital 周转资金；营运资金
World Trade Organization 世界贸易组织
WTO 世界贸易组织
X/B (Ex-bonus) 无红利的简写
X/D (Ex-dividend) 除息；无股利的简写
X/R (Ex-rights) 除权；不带新股认股权
X/W (Ex-warrants) 除证；不附认股权
Xerox 复印本；影印副本
Yankee bonds 扬基债券 (美国)
Yield 收益 (率)
Yield curve 收益曲线
Yield To Maturity 到期收益 (率)
Yield to put 沽出实收利息
YTM 到期收益 (率)
Zero-sum game 零和游戏
Zero coupon bonds 零券息债券
Zurich Stock Exchange 苏黎世证券交易
Accounts receivable 应收帐款
Accrued interest 应计利息
Accredited Investors 合资格投资者；受信投资人
指符合美国证券交易委员(SEC)条例，可参与一般美国非公开(私募)发行的部份机构和高净值个人投资者
Accredit value 自然增长值
ACE 美国商品交易所
ADB 亚洲开发银行
ADR 美国存股证；美国预托收据； 美国存托凭证
[股市] 指由负责保管所存托外国股票的存托银行所发行一种表明持有人拥有多少外国股票(即存托股份)的收据。ADR一般以美元计价和进行交易，及被视为美国证券。对很多美国投资者而言，买卖ADR比买卖ADR所代表的股票更加方便、更流动、成本较低和容易。
大部份预托收据为ADR；但也可以指全球预托收(GDR) ，欧洲预托收据(EDR) 或国际预托收据(IDR) 。从法律和行政立场而言，所有预托收据具有同样的意义。
ADS 美国存托股份
Affiliated company 关联公司；联营公司
After-market 后市
[股市] 指某只新发行股票在定价和配置后的交易市场。市场参与者关注的是紧随的后市情况，即头几个交易日。有人把后市定义为股价稳定期，即发行结束后的30天。也有人认为后市应指稳定期过后的交易市况。然而，较为普遍的是把这段时期视为二级市场
AGM 周年大会
Agreement 协议；协定
All-or-none order 整批委托
Allocation 分配；配置
Allotment 配股
Alpha (Market Alpha) 阿尔法；预期市场可得收益水平
Alternative investment 另类投资
American Commodities Exchange 美国商品交易所
American Depository Receipt 美国存股证；美国预托收据；美国存托凭证 (简称“ADR ”参见ADR栏目)
American Depository Share 美国存托股份
Amercian Stock Exchange 美国证券交易所
American style option 美式期权
Amex 美国证券交易所
Amortization 摊销
Amsterdam Stock Exchange 阿姆斯特丹证券交易所
Annual General Meeting 周年大会
Antitrust 反垄断
APEC 亚太区经济合作组织(亚太经合组织)
Arbitrage 套利；套汇；套戥
Arbitration 仲裁
Arm's length transaction 公平交易
Articles of Association 公司章程；组织细则
At-the-money option 平价期权；等价期权
ASEAN 东南亚国家联盟 (东盟)
Asian bank syndication market 亚洲银团市场
Asian dollar bonds 亚洲美元债券
Asset Allocation 资产配置
Asset Management 资产管理
Asset swap 资产掉期
Assignment method 转让方法；指定分配方法
ASX 澳大利亚证券交易所
Auckland Stock Exchange 奥克兰证券交易所
Auction market 竞价市场
Authorized capital 法定股本；核准资本
Authorized fund 认可基金
Authorized representative 授权代表
Australian Options Market 澳大利亚期权交易所
Australian Stock Exchange 澳大利亚证券交易所
Back-door listing 借壳上市
Back-end load 撤离费；后收费用
Back office 后勤办公室
Back to back FX agreement 背靠背外汇协议
Balance of trade 贸易平衡
Balance sheet 资产负债表
Balloon maturity 期末放气式偿还
Balloon payment 最末期大笔还清
Bank, Banker, Banking 银行；银行家；银行业
Bank for International Settlements 国际结算银行
Bankruptcy 破产
Base day 基准日
Base rate 基准利率
Basis point 基点；点子
Basis swap 基准掉期
Bear market 熊市；股市行情看淡
Bearer 持票人
Bearer stock 不记名股票
Behind-the-scene 未开拓市场
Below par 低于平值
Benchmark 比较基准
Beneficiary 受益人
Beta (Market beta) 贝他(系数)；市场风险指数
Best practice 最佳做法
Bills department 押汇部
BIS 国际结算银行
Blackout period 封锁期
Block trade 大额交易；大宗买卖
Blue chips 蓝筹股
Board of directors 董事会
Bona fide buyer 真诚买家
Bond market 债券市场，债市
Bonds 债券，债票
Bonus issue 派送红股
Bonus share 红股
Book value 帐面值
Bookbuilding 建立投资者购股意愿档案
[股市] 包销商用以定价一笔发行的方法。包销商在促销活动结束后把所收集的初步购股订单一一记下，然后根据投资者愿意支付的价格水平订定最终发行价。
Bookrunner 投资意愿建档人；帐簿管理人
[股市] 指负责为发行建立投资者购股意愿档案的银行，亦即负责为一笔发行组织承销、拟定不同市场的发行规模、执行促销活动、定价、配置和后市稳定工作的银行。
BOOT 建造；拥有；经营；转让
BOT 建造；经营；转让
Bottom line 底线；最低限度
Bottom-up 由下而上(方法)
Bounced cheque 空头支票
Bourse 股票交易所(法文)
BP (Basis Point) 基点
Brand management 品牌管理
Break-up fees 破除协议费用
Break-up valuation 破产清理价值评估
Breakeven point 收支平衡点
Bridging loan 临时贷款/过渡贷款
Broker, Broking,
Brokerage House 经纪；证券买卖；证券交易；证券行；经纪行
Brussels Stock Exchange 布鲁塞尔证券交易所
BSSM 建造/设备供应-服务/维修
Bubble economy 泡沫经济
Build, Operate and Transfer 建造、经营、转让
Build, Own, Operate and Transfer 建造；拥有；经营；转让
Build/Supply-Service/Maintain 建造/设备供应-服务/维修
Bull market 牛市；股市行情看涨
Bullets 不得赎回直至到期(债券结构之一)
Bullish 看涨; 看好行情
Bundesbank 德国联邦银行；德国央行
Business day 营业日
Business management 业务管理；商务管理；工商管理
Business studies 业务研究；商业研究
Buy-back 回购
Buy-side analyst 买方分析员
[股市]为机构投资者服务的股票研究分析员。
Buyer's credit 买方信贷（进口）
Buyout 收购；买入
By-law 细则；组织章程
CAC 巴黎CAC指数
CAGR 复合年增长率
Call-spread warrant 欧洲式跨价认股权证
Call option 认购期权
Call protection/provision 赎回保障/条款
Call warrant 认购认股权证
Callable bond 可赎回债券
Cap 上限
Capacity 生产能力；产能
CAPEX 资本支出
Capital Adequacy Ratio 资本充足比率
Capital base 资本金；资本基楚
Capital expenditure 资本支出
Capitalization >资本值
Capital markets 资本市场；资金市场
Capital raising 融资；筹集资金
Cash-settled warrant 现金认股权证
Cash earnings per share 每股现金盈利
Cash flow 现金流量
CCASS 中央结算及交收系统
CD 存款证
CEDEL 世达国际结算系统(即欧洲货币市场结算系统)
Ceiling 上限
Ceiling-floor agreement 上下限协议
Central Clearing & Settlement System 中央结算及交收系统
CEO 行政总栽；行政总监；首席执行官
Certificate of deposit 存款证
Certificate of incumbency 公司授权/委任书
CFO 财务总监；首席财务官
Change of domicile 迁册(公司更改注册地址)
Chicago Board of Trade 芝加哥交易所
Chicago Board Options Exchange 芝加哥期权交易所
Chicago Mercantile Exchange 芝加哥商品交易所
China banking 中国银行业
China Capital Markets 中国资本市场；中国资金市场
China International Capital Corporation, CICC 中国国际金融有限公司；中金公司
China privatization 中国民营化；中国私有化；中国私营化
China restructuring 中国重组；中国改组
China Securities Regulatory Commission 中国证监会
China Stock Markets 中国股票市场；中国股市
Chinese Wall 中国墙
指投资银行部与销售部或交易人员之间的隔离，以防范敏感消息外泄，从而构成内幕交易
Claim 索偿
Clawback notification 回拨/增加本地公开发行份额通知
Clean price 洁净价
[债市] 指债券包含应计利息的现值
Closed-end fund 封闭式基金
Co-lead manager 副主承销；联席主承销
Collars 利率上下限
Co-manager 副承销商
Comfort letter 安慰函；告慰信(由会计师发出)
Commercial loan 商业贷款
Commercial paper 商业票据
Commission rebate 佣金回扣
Commodity Exchange, Inc. 商品交易所有限公司 (纽约)
Company finance 公司融资公司财务
Complex cash flow 复合现金流
Compound annual growth rate 复合年增长率
Confidential pre-filing review 呈报前机密性审核
Confidential submission 机密呈交
Confidentiality agreement 保密协议
Conglomerate 集团/联合大企业/多业公司
Connected transaction 关联交易
Consideration 约定金额；代价；考虑因素
Constituent stock 成分股
Construction in progress 在建工程
Consumer Price Index 消费物价指数
Consumption 消费
Contingent liability 或有负债
Contractual joint venture 合约性合作/合资经营
Controlling stake/interest 控股权/权益
Conventional cap 传统上限
Conversion of state assets into state shares 国家资产作价入股
Conversion premium 转换溢价
Conversion price 转换价
Converted net collections 转换后净收入
Convertible bonds 可转换债券；可换股债券
Convexity 债券凸性
[债市]用以量度某只债券的价格与收益关系的方法。存续期间变化比率。
COO 营运总监；首席营运官
Copenhagen Stock Exchange 哥本哈根证券交易所
Corporate finance 企业融资
Corporate governance 企业管治；公司治理
Corporate vision 企业视野
Corporatization 公司化
Cost 成本
Cost overrun loans 成本垫支贷款
Counsel's opinion 法律顾问意见书
Counterparty credit exposure 对手的信贷风险
Coupon 票息；券息
[债市]发行人承诺会按面值年率计算，向债券持有人支付直至到期日的债券利息。举例：假如债券的票息为10%，每年便按面值100元支付10元的利息，一般是分期每6个月(半年) 或3个月(每季) 派息一次。
Coupon rate 孳息率；票息
Coupon frequency 派息频率
[债市] 指债券每年派发利息的次(比如每月、每季、每半年或每年一次)
Covenant 契约
Covered warrant 备兑认股权证
CPI 消费物价指数
Credit facilities 信贷措施
Credit foncia amortization 抵押式摊还法
Credit line 备用信贷；信用额度
Credit rating 信用评级；信贷评级
Credit spread 债券息差
Creditwatch 债信观察
Cross currency interest rate swap 交叉货币利率掉期
CSRC 中国证券监督管理委员会
Currency option 货币期权
Currency swap 货币掉期
Current account deficit 收支往来帐户赤字
Current/liquid ratio 流动比率
Customs & usages 惯例和用法
Custodian 保管机构；托管人
Cyclicality 周期
DAX 德国综合指数
Day count 日算
[债市] 用以计算债券到期前部份期间的应计利息和折现率的协议日数。
Day order 当日指令
Debt equity ratio 债资比率；股本负债率
Debt issuing vehicles 债务发行工具
Debt service coverage ratio 债务偿还比率
Default fine 违约罚金
Defaulting 违约；不履行义务
Deferred asset 递延资产
Deferred charges 递延费用；待摊费用
Deferred tax 递延税项
Deflation 通货紧缩；通缩
Deleveraged 削减头寸
Depreciation 折旧
Derivatives 派生产品；衍生产品；衍生金融投资工具
Deutsche Borse AG 德国证券及衍生工具交易所
Deutsche Terminborse 德国期货交易所
Dilution 摊薄
Direct labor cost 直接劳动成本
Directors' undertakings 董事承诺
Dirty price 脏价
[债市] 指债券不包括应计利息的现值。
Disclosure 信息披露
Discount rate 折扣率；贴现率
Dishonoured cheque 空头支票
Dividend 股息
DJIA 道琼斯工业平均指数
Domesitc Qualified Institutional Investor 国内合资格机构投资者
Double bottom/double dip 双底 (金融图表)
Dow Jones Industries Average Index 道琼斯工业平均指数
DQII 国内合资格机构投资者
Dragon bonds 小龙债券
Drawing expense in advance 预提费用
Dual currency bonds 双货币债券
Due diligence 尽职调查
指为了达成承销一笔证券发行的目的，针对某公司或企业的业务、财务状况和前景(包括其面对的主要风险) 而进行的一个全面的调查。尽职调查一般可分为业务尽职调查和法律尽职调查两类。
Duration 存续期间
[债市] 测量某只债券由于收益变动而产生价格变动的方法。一种测算债券价格波幅相等于债券加权平均到期年期现金流的敏感性测量方法。
E-commerce 电子商务
E-tailers 网上零售商
Earning per share 每股盈利
EBITDA 未计利息、税项、折旧及摊销前盈利
EEC 欧洲经济共同体 (欧共体)
Emerging market 新兴市场
EMU 欧洲货币联盟
Engagement letter 委托书
Environmental protection 环(境) 保(护)
Environmental waste 环境废物
EPS 每股盈利
Equity, Equities 股本，股权，股票
Equity cushion 股本作垫
EU 欧洲联盟(欧盟)
Eurodollar bonds 欧洲美元债券
European Economic Community 欧洲经济共同体（欧共体）
European Monetary Union 欧洲货币联盟
European Options Exchange 欧洲期权交易所 (阿姆斯特丹)
European style option 欧式期权
European Union 欧洲联盟（欧盟）
Ex-coupon 不附息票
Exotic option 第二代期权组合（设回报上或下限）
Exploitation license 采矿许可证
Exploitation right 采矿权
Exploration right 探矿权
Extendible bonds 可延期债券
Extraordinary item 非经常项目
Face value 面值
FEC 外汇券
Federal Open Market Committee 美国联邦公开市场委员会
Fee-Based Content 收费信息 （互联网）
Fiduciary 信托人/信托机构
Fiduciary duty 受信责任；诚信义务
Financial Advisor 财务顾问；融资顾问
Financial Business Operation Permit 经营金融业务许可证
Financial forecast 财务预测
Financial Management 财务管理
Financial Markets, Financial Products 金融市场；金融产品
Financial Services 金融服务
Fixed asset losses in suspense 待处理固定资产损失
Fixed income 固定收益；定息债券
Floating Rate Note 浮息票据
Floor 下限
Floor broker 出市经纪
Follow-on offering 后续发行
FOMC 联邦公开市场委员会
Foreign-funded enterprise 外商投资企业
Foreign Exchange 外汇
Foreign Exchange Business Operation Permit 经营外汇业务许可证
Foreign Exchange Certificate 外汇券
Foreign exchange mortgage loan 外汇抵押贷款
Foreign exchange swap center 外汇调剂中心
Formulae Based Amortization 按公式计算的摊还方法
Forward Rate Agreement 远期利率协议
FRA 远期利率协议
Franchiser 项目招商人
Franchisor 特许专营受权公司
Frankfurt Stock Exchange 法兰克福证券交易所
Free float 公众持股量
[股市] 指由机构投资者及公众投资者所持有的股份总数占公司已发行股票总数的百分比
FRN 浮息票据
FTSE Index 伦敦金融时报指数 (又称富时指数)
Fund Management 基金管理
Futures 期货
FX 外汇
G&A 一般费用及行政费用
G7 七大工业国
GAAP 一般公认会计原则
Gateway 网关/国际关口局
GATT 关税及贸易从协定
GDP 国内生产总值
GDR 全球预托收据；全球存股证
Gearing ratio 运用倍数
General Acceptable Accounting Principle 一般公认会计原则
General Agreement on Tariffs
& Trade 关税及贸易从协定
General & Administrative Expenses 一般费用及行政费用
General management 一般管理；综合管理
Global bearer warrant 全球不记名认股权证
Global coordinator 全球协调人
Global Depository Receipt 全球预托证券；全球存股证
Global finance 全球金融；全球财务
Global financial firm/institution 全球金融公司/机构；世界性金融公司/机构
Global offering 全球发行
GNP 国民生产总值
Going public 上市；公开上市
Goodwill amortization 商誉价值摊销
Government Concessionary
& Soft Loan 政府特许及软性贷款
Greenshoe 绿鞋；超额配售选择权
[股市] 超额配售是所有股票发行的一个重要元素，特别是对采用Bookbuilding销售方法的发行而言。包销发行成功主要归功于能争取到高于发行量的投资者需求。在这情况下，未能满足的需求会向后市寻求买入，从而有助实现强劲的价格表现和提高发行在二级市场的流动性。为了让包销商能超额配售然后具有灵活度可从市场买回股份以有助稳定后市的交易价，发行人授予包销商greenshoe，一般相当于发行量的15%，让包销商有选择权可于定价日后30天 (稳定期) 内以发行价向发行人买入额外股份。额外股份只能用于配售给未获满足的超出发行量的投资者订单。超额配售选择权通常是股价在二级市场上升才被行使，不然的话，一般会通过从二级市场买回股票以填补超额销售的数量。
Gross domestic product 国内生产总值
Gross national product 国民生产总值
Gross profit 毛利润
Gross spread 总差额
[股市]也称为总佣金或总费用。发行总差额包含三个部份：承销费、经办费和销售特许佣金。
Group of Seven 七大工业国
Gun jumping 偷步
Hang Seng China Enterprise Index 恒生中国企业指数 (香港)
Hang Seng Index 恒生指数 (香港)
Hedge Fund 对冲基金；套保基金
Hedging 对冲; 套保
HIBOR 香港银行同业拆借利率
HKFE 香港期货交易所有限公司
HKMA 香港金融管理局(金管局)
HKSAR 香港特别行政区
HKSCC 香港中央结算有限公司
HKSE 香港证券交易所
Holding Company 控股公司
Homepage 首页（互联网）
Hong Kong Futures Exchange Ltd. 香港期货交易所有限公司
Hong Kong Interbank Offer Rate 香港银行同业拆放利率
Hong Kong Monetary Authority 香港金融管理局(金管局)
Hong Kong Securities Clearing Co. Ltd. 香港中央结算有限公司
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 香港特别行政区
Hong Kong Stock Exchange 香港证券交易所
HSCEI 恒生中国企业指数 (香港)
HSI 恒生指数(恒指) (香港)
Hybrid cap 混合上限
IAS 国际会计准则
ICP 互联网内容供货商
Idle funds 闲置资金
IMF 国际货币基金
IMM 国际货币市场
Implicit deflator 隐性通货紧缩指数
Import quota 进口配额
Import tariff 进口关税
In-the-money 价内（期权）
Incentive site 鱼饵网点（互联网）
Income tax 所得税；入息税；薪俸税
Indemnification 赔偿
Indexed performance 指数表现
Indicative price 指示性价格
Industrail and Commercial Consolidated Tax 工商统一税
Information memorandum 资料备忘录
Information technology 信息科技
Initial Conversion Premium 初次转换溢价
Initial Public Offering 首次公开招股发行
Insider trading 内幕交易
Institutional investor 机构投资者
Intangible asset 无形资产
Intellectual property (IP) 知识产权
Interest Rate Swap 利率掉期
Intergovernmental loan 政府间贷款
Interim report 中期报告
Intermediary 中介机构; 中介人
International Accounting Standards 国际会计准则
International Finance 国际融资
International Market 国际市场
International Monetary Fund 国际货币基金
International Monetary Market 国际货币市场
International Organization for Standardization 国际标准化组织
International Trust & Investment Corp. 国际信托投资公司(国投公司)
Internet Content Provider 互联网内容供货商
Internet presence 网上广告
Intrinsic value 内在价值
Inventory 存货；库存
Investment, Investing 投资
Investment advice, Investment advisor 投资咨询；投资顾问
Investment bank, Investment banking 投资银行；投资银行服务
Investment grade 投资级
Investment research 投资研究
Investor Relations 投资者关系
IPO 初次公开发行；首次公开招股
Investor Relations 投资者关系
Irrevocable letter of credit 不可撤消信用状
ISO 国际标准化组织
Issued (and outstanding) shares 已发行股票
Issuer 发行人
IT 信息科技
ITIC 国际信托投资公司(国投公司)
Joint account 联名帐户；共同帐户
Joint and several liabilities 共同及连带责任
Joint global coordinator 联席全球协调人
Joint stock company 股份有限公司
Joint venture 合营企业；合资企业
Jointly operated mines 联办矿
Junior mortgage 次级按揭
Junk bond 垃圾债券
Korea Composite Index 韩国综合指数
Korea Stock Exchange 韩国证券交易所
Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange 吉隆坡证券交易所
L/C 信用状
LBO 杠杆买断交易；借贷融资收购
Lead manager 主承销；牵头经办人
Legal persons shares 法人股
Lender 贷款人
Letter of credit 信用状
Leverage = level of debt/equity 债务水平/比重
Leveraged Buy Out 杠杆买断交易；借贷融资收购
Leveraged rate 杠杆比率
LIBOR 伦敦银行同业拆借利率
Lien 扣押；扣押权；留置权
LIFFE 伦敦国际金融期货及期权交易所
Limited recourse 有限追索权
Limited partnership 有限责任合伙
Linked Exchange Rate System 联系汇率制度
Liquid investment 短期投资
Liquid Yield Option Note 流动收息权利票据
Liquidity 流动性；流动资金；变现能力
Liquidity ratio 速动比率
Listed company 上市公司
Litigation 诉讼
Local toll collecting highway infrastructure index 地方收费公路基楚设施指数
Lock-in 自然出现（条件）
Lock-out 自然消失（条件）
Lock-up 锁定；封锁
[股市]由发行公司或第三者供应方(如适用)作出承诺，在事先未取得承销商(包销商) 的同意前，不得进一步出售股份。封锁期一般是180天，但也可视乎情况而较长。
Lock-Up Agreement 锁定协议
London Commodity Exchange 伦敦商品交易所
London Interbank Offer Rate 伦敦银行同业拆放利率
London International Financial Futures and Options Exchange 伦敦国际金融期货及期权交易所
London Metal Exchange 伦敦金属交易所
London Stock Exchange 伦敦证券交易所
London Traded Options Market 伦敦期权市场
Long (position) 长仓；好仓；看涨
Long call 买入认购权；认购长仓
Long forward 买远期
Long put 买入认沽权；认购短仓
Long-term shareholding (loyalty) incentive 长期持股优惠
Long-term supply agreement 长期供应协议
Loose bond 短期买卖债券
Low-Budget Operation 小本经营
Loyalties 特许费
LSE 伦敦证券交易所
LTOM 伦敦期权市场
LYON 流动收息权利票据
M&A 合并与收购
Macroeconomic 宏观经济；总体经济
Madrid Stock Exchange 马德里证券交易所
Makati Stock Exchange 马卡地证券交易所
Make-Whole Call 以支付溢价为成本的提前还款权利
Make-Whole Provision >提前赎回补偿
Management Best Practice 管理最佳做法
Management Buy-Out, MBO 管理层买断交易；管理层收购
Management fee 经办费
[股市]经办费是支付给银行作为它们处理为准备和执行一笔发行所涉及的工作的报酬，包括设计发行结、组织承销团、准备文件和促销材料等。经办费的基本拆帐方法是按所承担的包销数量计算，认同了有较大包销承担的个别机构一般也承担较多的工作量。此外，设有支付予发行高级参与方的称之“praecipium” 的额外酬金。
Management Seminar, Management Tools 管理人员研讨会；管理工具
Manila Stock Exchange 马尼拉证券交易所
Marche a Terme International
de France 法国国际期货及期权市场
Marche des Options Negociables
de la Bourse de Paris 巴黎证券交易所期货市场
Margin [期货交易] 保证金；按金
Margin call 要求增补按金
Mark-to-market 按市值计价
Market Capitalization 市场资本值；市值
Market maker 报价商；市场庄家
Market order 市价委托
Market share 市场占有率；市场份额
Marketable securities 有价证券
Marketing 促销；推介；营销
[股市] 首次公开招股(IPO) 的促销期包括有公司管理层参与向投资者宣传其投资故事的公司路演、和帐簿管理人向投资者收集订单的Bookbuilding销售活动。期内，经办银行和投资者双方间的销售和研究人员会定期进行对话。紧接发行前促销活动，促销期经过Bookbuilding程序和发行定价的完成而结束。
Material misstatement 重大失实陈述
MATIF 法国国际期货及期权市场
Mature market 成熟市场
Maturity 到期
[债市] 指债券或其它债务工具已到期并须支付总本金金额的日期
Medium and long term loans 中长期贷款
Medium Term Note 中期票据
Memorandum Of Understanding 谅解备忘录
Mergers & Acquisitions, M&A 合并和收购；并购
MFN 最惠国待遇
Milan Stock Exchange 米兰证券交易所
Minority interest 少数股东权益
Monetize 货币化
Monopoly Enterprise 垄断/独占企业
Montreal Stock Exchange 蒙特利尔证券交易所
Moratorium 冻结；宣布停止还款；延期付款命令
Mortgage-backed security 有抵押证券
Most Favored Nation 最惠国待遇
MOU 谅解备忘录
MSCI (Morgan Stanley Capital International) 摩根士丹利资本国际
MTN 中期票据
Multi-Lateral Netting 多边净额
Multi-Tranche Offering 分期或分多个份额发行
Mutual Funds 共同基金；互惠基金
Nagoya Stock Exchange 名古屋证券交易所
NAPS 国家自动支付系统 (中国)
NASDAQ 纳斯达克
(全国证券交易商自动传报协会)
National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations 全国证券交易商自动报价协会
(美国)
National Automated Payment System 国家自动支付系统 (中国)
Natural resources 自然资源
NAV 资产净值
Net asset value 资产净值
Net book value 帐面净值
Net income 净收入
New York Cotton Exchange, Inc. 纽约棉花交易所有限公司
New York Futures Exchange 纽约期货交易所
New York Mercantile Exchange 纽约商品交易所
New York Produce Exchange 纽约农产品交易所
New York Stock Exchange 纽约证券交易所
Non-callable 不可赎回
Non-deliverable 不交收
Non-farm payroll data 非农业人员收入数据
Non-operating income 非经营收入
Non-Performing Loans 不良贷款；逾放款；到期未能偿还贷款
Notes receivable 应收票据
Notional size 票面规模
NPLs 不良贷款；逾放款；到期未能偿还贷款
Obligatory right 强制性权利；债权
OD 帐户透支
OECD 经济合作及发展组织(经合组织)
Off-balance sheet 资产负债表外
Off-budgetary 财务预算外
One-on-one 一对一会议
[股市]发行人与单一机构投资者进行的会议。一对一会议一般只会安排给很有可能会买入相当大量股票和表示有兴趣与管理层会面的大型机构。
One-time mandatory call/put option 一次性强制转换的认购/认沽期权
OPEC 石油出口国组织
Open-end funds 无限额基金
Operating concessions 特许经营权
Operating profit/margin 经营利润
Option 期权；选择权
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development 经济合作及发展组织(经合组织)
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries 石油出口国组织
Osaka Securities Exchange 大板证券交易所
Oslo Stock Exchange 奥斯陆证券交易所
OTC 场外交易
Out-of-the-money 价外；失值（期权）
Over-allotment option 超额配售选择权(参见Greenshoe栏目)
Over-subscription 超额认购
[股市] 一笔发行，当投资者需求(以股份数目计算)高于所发行的股份数目时，便称为超额认购。超额认购的程度往往被用作为衡量一笔发行成功的指
Over-The-Counter 场外交易
Over Draft 帐户透支
Overhead cost 间接成本
Owned fund/own funds 自有资金
P/E multiple 市盈倍数
P/E ratio 市盈率；本益比
Pacific Economic Cooperation Council 太平洋经济合作会议
Pacific Stock Exchange 太平洋证券交易所
Pageview 页视；浏览页数（互联网）
Paid-up capital 实收资本；已缴足资本
Pan-European Stock Exchange 泛欧证券交易所
Par 票面值
Par bonds 有面值债券
Paris Bourse 巴黎证券交易所
Parity 平价
Patent 专利
Payoff profile 盈利分析
PECC 太平洋经济合作会议
Penalty provision 惩罚/罚金条款
Per capita income 人均收入
Performance bond 履约保证
Performance buydowns 履约不足赔偿金
Performing loan 良好贷款
Philadelphia Stock Exchange 费城证券交易所
Physical assets reserve specifically authorized 特准储备物资
Physical warrant 实股认股权证
Plant 厂房
Pollutant 污染物
Pollutant charge 排污费
Portfolio Management 资产组合管理
Post-dated cheque 期票
Pot names 法人优惠名单/保留户
Potential obligation 潜在义务/负债
Power of attorney 授权书
PR 公共关系(公关)
Praecipium 额外酬金
[股市] 从发行经办费(本身为总佣金、总费用或总差额的其中一部份)分割出来的若干份额部份给全球协调人的酬金。
PRC - People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国(中国)
Pre-emptive right 优先权；先买权
Preference shares 优先股
Preferential treatment 优惠待遇
Premium 期权金；溢价
Premium put 溢价赎回
Premium put structure 含沽出期权式结构
Present value 现值
Press release 新闻(发布) 稿
Price 价格；定价
Price range 定价区间（发行）
Price talk 定价谈判
Primary debt 一级发行债券
Prime rate 最优惠利率
Principal 本金
Private Banking 私人银行；个人银行
Private Equity 私募股本；非上市股本；非上市股票；直接投资
Private placement 私募配售；非公开配售
Privately operated mines 民采矿
Privately negotiated options 私下洽商期权
Private Wealth Management 私人财富管理
Privatization 民营化；私有化；私营化
Proforma 备考报表；预计报表 项目/贷款安
Program arranger 排人
Project approval 立项
Project finance 项目融资
Promissory note 本票
Prospectus 招股书；发售说明书
PSE 太平洋证券交易所
Public filing 公开呈报
Public Listing 公开上市，挂牌上市
Public Relations 公共关系(公关)
Public welfare fund 福利基金; 公益金
Publicity restriction 宣传限制
Pure play 单一业务公司
Put option 出售/认沽期权
Putable bond 可退回债券
Q&A 提问与回答；答问大会
QDII 合格本地机构投资者
QFII 合格境外机构投资者
QIB 合资格机构买家/投资者
[股市] 指一家总体拥有和具有酌情权在证券市场投资最1亿美元的机构。就银行机构而言，必须符合最低净值不少于2,500万美元的要求
Qualified Institutional Buyer 合资格机构买家/投资者
Qualified Domestic Institutional Investor 合格本地机构投资者
Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor 合格境外机构投资者
Quasi-credit fiancings 类似信用融资
Questionnaire 问卷
Quoted company (= listed company) 上市公司
Random assignment 随机分配
Rating 评级
Raw materials 原材料
Real Estate Investment Trusts 不动产投资信托公司
Realized interest rate 实现利率
Recapitalization 资本重组；再资本化
Recourse 追索权
Recognition of income 收入列帐
Recycling 循环再用
Redeem/redemption 赎回
Refinery 提炼
Registration statement 登记声明
REITS 不动产投资信托公司
Relative strength index 相对强弱指数
Repackaged asset vehicles 重新包装的资产工具
Representations and warranties 声明与保证
Residual asset 剩余资产
Residual value 残值；剩余价值
Restricted securities 受限制证券
Restructuring 改组；重组
Retail players (= retail investors) 散户/个人投资者
Return on asset 资产回报（率）
Return on capital employed 已投资资本回报（率）
Return on equity 股本回报（率）
Revenue-sharing 收入分成
Revolving credit 循还贷款
Right issue 供股（集资）
Rights to the priority distributions 优先分派权
Ring-fencing 绝缘防范
Risk factor 风险因素
Risk rated ratio 风险权重
ROA 资产回报（率）
Roadshow 路演；巡回推介说明会
[股市] 发售股票公司的管理层启程上路向投资者推介公司的一个活动程序。路演包括各种不同类型的会议，比如最受重视的主要投资者说明会和一对一投资者会议，以及间中也会进行的小组投资者会议。
ROCE 已投资资本回报（率）
ROE 股本回报（率）
RSI 相对强弱指数
Rule 144A 144A条例
美国(1933) 证券法第144A条容许发行人向合资格机构投资者(QIB)再发售某些证券而无需注册。通过豁免注册手续，144A条例显著提高了美国机构投资者买入外国公司证券的机会。目前美国有超过3,500家QIB。与已在美国证券交易所挂牌上市的证券同属一级别的证券并不符合144A条例的再发售资格。机构投资者买入根据144A条例而发行的美国预托证券(ADR) 有颇多限制，因此，在多数情况下，显著倾向买入已取得上市资格的ADR。
S&P 标准普尔
S&P 500 Index 标准普尔500种股份指数
Samurai bonds 武士债券
SEAQ 证券交易所自动报价系统 (英国)
SEATS 证券交易所另项交易系统 (英国)
SEC 证券交易委员会( 美国)
Second junior subordinated debenture 更次一级公司债
Secondary offering 二级发行；次级发行
Secular 长期性；非周期性
Securities 证券
Securities and Futures Commission 证券及期货事务监察委员会
(证监会)( 香港)
Securities Exchange Commission 证券交易委员会( 美国)
Securities Exchange of Thailand 泰国证券交易所
Sell-side analyst 卖方分析员
[股市] 受雇于投资银行或经纪行的股票研究分析员。
Selling concession 销售特许佣金
[股市] 在售出股票或投资者指派基准上，支付给承销团成员的总差额的其中一部份。销售特许佣金是激励销售的方法之一。
Senior debt 优先债务
Settlement 交割；结算
SFC 证券及期货事务监察委员会
(证监会)( 香港)
Shanghai Stock Exchange 上海证券交易所
Shareholder value 股东价值
Shares 股票；股份
Shell company 空壳公司
Shenzhen Foreign Exchange Trading Centre 深圳外汇交易中心
Shenzhen Stock Exchange 深圳证券交易所
Short-term revolving letter 短期循环信用状
Short (position) 沽空；短仓；淡仓；看跌
Short and medium term loans 中短期贷款
Short forward 卖远期
Sidelined investors 抱观望态度投资者
Sight draft 即期汇票
SIMEX 新加坡国际金融交易所
Singapore International Monetary Exchange 新加坡国际金融交易所
Singapore Stock Exchange 新加坡证券交易所
Singapore Straits Times Index 新加坡海峡时报指数
Sinking fund 偿债基金
SOEs 国有企业
Sovereign rate 国家信用评级
Special stock 特种股票
Spot price 现货价格
Spread 差额; 差价
Sprint period 冲刺期
Stall speed 失速
Standard & Poor 标准普尔
State-owned enterprise 国有企业
State shares 国家股
Stock Broker 股票经纪
Stock Exchange Alternative Trading System 证券交易所另项交易系统 (英国)
Stock Exchange Automated
Quotations System 证券交易所自动报价系统 (英国)
Stockholm Options Market 斯德哥尔摩期权市场
Stock Market 股票市场；股市
Stock Trader, Stock Trading 股票交易商；股票买卖
Stocks 股票；股份
Stop loss limit 止蚀限额
Strangle 勒束式期权组合
Strategic Investment, Strategic Investor 策略投资；战略投资；策略投资者；战略投资者
Strategic sale 战略出售
Stressed securities 债务危机证券
Strike price 执行价；行使价
Stripped securities 拆开证券
Structured bond 结构债券
Structured financing 结构融资
Subordinated debt 次级债务
Subordinated debt w/ revenue participation rights 附收益参与权利的次级债务
Subpar 次平值；低于预期水平
Supply and marketing cooperatives 供销合作社
Swap 掉期
Swaption 掉期期权
Syndicated loan 银团贷款
Synergy 增效作用; 协同效益
T/T 电汇
Taiwan Weighted Stock Index 台湾加权股价指数
Take position 坐盘
Tax benefits 税务优惠
Tax haven jurisdiction 税务优惠的司法权区
Taxable munis 课税的州政府债券
Telegraphic Transfer 电汇
Tender bond 投标担保/保证金
Term sheet 条款说明书
Tick size 价格变动单位
Tokyo Grain Exchange 东京谷物交易所
Tokyo International Financial Futures Exchange 东京国际金融期货交易所
Tokyo Stock Exchange 东京证券交易所
Tokyo Sugar Exchange 东京原糖交易所
Toll revenue bond 通行税收入债券
Toronto Futures Exchange 多伦多期货交易所
Toronto Stock Exchange 多伦多证券交易所
Tranche 发行份额/部分
Treasury 国库债券；国库券
Treasury strips 国库债券条子
Trustee deed 托管人契约
Turnover ratio 周转率
Unconditional and irrevocable letter of credit 无条件及不可撤销信用状
Underlying 所代表或相关的
Underwriter 包销商；承销商
Underwriting 包销
[股市] 传统的做法是一或多家银行保证在某个数目日子里，按某固定价格担保购买若干数目的股份。此类包销目前普遍被称为硬包销，相对于建立投资者购股意愿档案(Bookbuilding) 的做法，后者是一个要求投入最大努力的结构而非仅在Bookbuilding程序结束时。包销商承诺将买入发行没有售出的所有股票。
Underwriting syndicate 承销银团
Undistributed profit 未分配利润
Unilateral/bilateral agreement 单方面/双边协议
Unit trust 单位信托
Unlisted security 未上市证券
Unsecured debt 无担保债务
Upfront premium payment 一次清偿权利金
Upfront payment/fee 首笔支付费用
Upfront premium payment 一次清偿权利金
Upside risk 上调风险
US Financial Firm/Institution 美国金融公司/机构
US Investment Bank 美国投资银行
US GAAP 美国一般公认会计原则
US Treasury 美国国库债券
Use of proceeds 所得款项用途
Utilization rate 利用率；使用率
Valuation 估值
value-at-risk 风险值
value added tax 增值税
value fund 价值基金
Vanilla bonds 纯债券
Variable equity return 浮动股本回报 (率)
Venture capital 创业资金；创业投资
Vertical merger 垂直式合并
Volatility 波动；波幅
Volume 成交量
WACC 加权平均资金成本
Wages payable 应付工资
Weighted Average Cost of Capital 加权平均资金成本
Wellington Stock Exchange 威灵顿证券交易所
Winnipeg Commodities Exchange 温尼伯商品交易所
Witholding tax 预扣税
Working capital 周转资金；营运资金
World Trade Organization 世界贸易组织
WTO 世界贸易组织
X/B (Ex-bonus) 无红利的简写
X/D (Ex-dividend) 除息；无股利的简写
X/R (Ex-rights) 除权；不带新股认股权
X/W (Ex-warrants) 除证；不附认股权
Xerox 复印本；影印副本
Yankee bonds 扬基债券 (美国)
Yield 收益 (率)
Yield curve 收益曲线
Yield To Maturity 到期收益 (率)
Yield to put 沽出实收利息
YTM 到期收益 (率)
Zero-sum game 零和游戏
Zero coupon bonds 零券息债券
Zurich Stock Exchange 苏黎世证券交易
16 December 2009
Floating security, Floating mortgage, Floating charge 英国法律的浮动抵押 翻译的问题
今日有君问其 英国法律的浮动抵押 翻译的问题。初步整理如下：
英国法上有floating security,floating mortgage,floating charge三种用法，而以floating charge最常见，依笔者之见也最准确。理由如下：seurity是广义的担保，外延过大；mortgage包含有让渡所有权的意思，抵押权人成为legal owner；唯charge恰当的揭示了该制度的本质。我国法学家有的译作“浮动担保”，有的译作“浮动抵押”，有的仿照日本立法称为“企业担保”。笔者使用“浮动抵押”，因为在大陆法系的民法范畴体系中，担保是抵押的上位概念，以其命名抵押的一个子类，不够精确。
英国法上有floating security,floating mortgage,floating charge三种用法，而以floating charge最常见，依笔者之见也最准确。理由如下：seurity是广义的担保，外延过大；mortgage包含有让渡所有权的意思，抵押权人成为legal owner；唯charge恰当的揭示了该制度的本质。我国法学家有的译作“浮动担保”，有的译作“浮动抵押”，有的仿照日本立法称为“企业担保”。笔者使用“浮动抵押”，因为在大陆法系的民法范畴体系中，担保是抵押的上位概念，以其命名抵押的一个子类，不够精确。
13 December 2009
景点名称的翻译
同地名翻译不同,我国自然景观和人文景观的名称大多不完全用音译, 而是采取意译或音译、意译相结合的办法。就地名而言,其本身的称呼是最主要的,就像是人的姓名一样,因此用音译可以使译名简洁、便于记忆。但对景点来说,人们不仅要知道它叫什么,还要知道它究竟是什么。有时景点的名字往往还带有一定的含义,因此,在翻译景点名称时有必要在意义上下点功夫。
汉语中景点的名称,从其语法结构上分析可以表示为专有名称+ 种类名称的偏正词组形式。在这里,
专有名称即指对景点的称呼,好比人的姓名和城市的名字;种类名称就是判断、辨别景点类别的名词。汉语中一般是专有名称在前,种类名称在后;专有名称以单声词和双声词居多,种类名称则一般多为单声词。在实际运用中,专有名称采用音译(主要是拼音法) ,也有用意译(主要是直译) ;种类名称则一般采用意译中的直译。这样的译法主要有下列三种形式:
(1) 拼音+ 直译
豫园Yu - Garden 龙华塔Longhua - Pagoda
漓江Li - River 少林寺Shaolin - Temple
(2) 拼音+ 拼音+ 直译
太湖Taihu - Lake 泰山Taishan - Mountain
(3) 直译+ 直译
玉佛寺Jade - Buddha Temple 虎丘Tiger Hill钟楼Clock Tower 碑林Stone Forest
归根结底,旅游翻译的一个主要目的就是对外介绍我国的文化。需要指出的是有些专有名称的直译译名,其所表达的只是字面上的意思,并不能完全表达出名称背后的含义,这就需要在具体的讲解中指明。例如香山可译成“Fragrant Mountain”,但从字面上讲只是“香的山”或是“香味的山”。实际上,该山原称香炉山,
汉语中景点的名称,从其语法结构上分析可以表示为专有名称+ 种类名称的偏正词组形式。在这里,
专有名称即指对景点的称呼,好比人的姓名和城市的名字;种类名称就是判断、辨别景点类别的名词。汉语中一般是专有名称在前,种类名称在后;专有名称以单声词和双声词居多,种类名称则一般多为单声词。在实际运用中,专有名称采用音译(主要是拼音法) ,也有用意译(主要是直译) ;种类名称则一般采用意译中的直译。这样的译法主要有下列三种形式:
(1) 拼音+ 直译
豫园Yu - Garden 龙华塔Longhua - Pagoda
漓江Li - River 少林寺Shaolin - Temple
(2) 拼音+ 拼音+ 直译
太湖Taihu - Lake 泰山Taishan - Mountain
(3) 直译+ 直译
玉佛寺Jade - Buddha Temple 虎丘Tiger Hill钟楼Clock Tower 碑林Stone Forest
归根结底,旅游翻译的一个主要目的就是对外介绍我国的文化。需要指出的是有些专有名称的直译译名,其所表达的只是字面上的意思,并不能完全表达出名称背后的含义,这就需要在具体的讲解中指明。例如香山可译成“Fragrant Mountain”,但从字面上讲只是“香的山”或是“香味的山”。实际上,该山原称香炉山,
美国州名(州名缩写)首府名
美国州名(州名缩写)首府名
亚拉巴马Alabama —— AL蒙哥马利Montgomery
阿拉斯加Alaska —— AK朱诺Juneau
亚利桑那Arizona ——AZ菲尼克斯Phoenix
阿肯色Arkansas —— AR小石城Little rock
加利福尼亚California —— C萨克拉门托Sacramento
科罗拉多Colorado —— CO丹佛Denver
康涅狄格Connecticut —— CT哈特福德Hartford
特拉华Delaware —— DE多佛Dover
佛罗里达Florida —— FL塔拉哈西Tallahassee
佐治亚Georgia —— GA亚特兰大Atlanta
夏威夷Hawaii —— HI檀香山Honolulu
爱达荷Idaho —— ID博伊西Boise
伊利诺伊Illinois —— IL斯普林菲尔德Springfield
印第安纳Indiana —— IN印第安纳波利斯Indianapolis
艾奥瓦Iowa ——IA得梅因Des Moines
堪萨斯Kansas —— KS托皮卡Topeka
肯塔基Kentucky —— KY法兰克福Frankfort
路易斯安那Louisiana —— LA巴吞鲁日Baton Rouge
缅因Maine —— ME奥古斯塔Augusta
马里兰Maryland —— MD安纳波利斯Annapolis
马萨诸塞Massachusetts —— MA波士顿Boston
密歇根Michigan —— MI兰辛Lansing
明尼苏达Minnesota —— MN圣保罗St. Paul
密西西比Mississippi —— MS杰克逊Jackson
密苏里Missouri —— MO杰斐逊城Jefferson City
蒙大拿Montana —— MT海伦娜Helena
内布拉斯加Nebraska —— NE林肯Lincoln
内华达Nevada —— NV卡森城Carson City
新罕布什尔New hampshire —— NH康科德Concord
新泽西New jersey —— NJ特伦顿Trenton
新墨西哥New mexico —— NM圣菲Santa Fe
纽约New york —— NY奥尔巴尼Albany
北卡罗来纳North carolina —— NC纳罗利Raleigh
北达科他North dakota —— ND俾斯麦Bismarck
俄亥俄Ohio —— OH哥伦布Columbus
俄克拉何马Oklahoma —— OK俄克拉何马城Oklahoma City
俄勒冈Oregon —— OR塞勒姆Salem
宾夕法尼亚Pennsylvania —— PA哈里斯堡Harrisburg
罗得岛Rhode island —— RL普罗维登斯Providence
南卡罗来纳South carolina —— SC哥伦比亚Columbia
南达科他South dakota —— SD皮尔Pierre
田纳西Tennessee —— TN纳什维尔Nashville
得克萨斯Texas —— TX奥斯汀Austin
犹他Utah —— UT盐湖城Salt Lake City
佛蒙特Vermont —— VT蒙彼利埃Montpelier
弗吉尼亚Virginia —— VA里士满Richmond
华盛顿Washington —— WA奥林匹亚Olympia
西弗吉尼亚West virginia —— WV查尔斯顿Charleston
威斯康星Wisconsin —— WI麦迪逊Madison
怀俄明Wyoming —— WY夏延Cheyenne
亚拉巴马Alabama —— AL蒙哥马利Montgomery
阿拉斯加Alaska —— AK朱诺Juneau
亚利桑那Arizona ——AZ菲尼克斯Phoenix
阿肯色Arkansas —— AR小石城Little rock
加利福尼亚California —— C萨克拉门托Sacramento
科罗拉多Colorado —— CO丹佛Denver
康涅狄格Connecticut —— CT哈特福德Hartford
特拉华Delaware —— DE多佛Dover
佛罗里达Florida —— FL塔拉哈西Tallahassee
佐治亚Georgia —— GA亚特兰大Atlanta
夏威夷Hawaii —— HI檀香山Honolulu
爱达荷Idaho —— ID博伊西Boise
伊利诺伊Illinois —— IL斯普林菲尔德Springfield
印第安纳Indiana —— IN印第安纳波利斯Indianapolis
艾奥瓦Iowa ——IA得梅因Des Moines
堪萨斯Kansas —— KS托皮卡Topeka
肯塔基Kentucky —— KY法兰克福Frankfort
路易斯安那Louisiana —— LA巴吞鲁日Baton Rouge
缅因Maine —— ME奥古斯塔Augusta
马里兰Maryland —— MD安纳波利斯Annapolis
马萨诸塞Massachusetts —— MA波士顿Boston
密歇根Michigan —— MI兰辛Lansing
明尼苏达Minnesota —— MN圣保罗St. Paul
密西西比Mississippi —— MS杰克逊Jackson
密苏里Missouri —— MO杰斐逊城Jefferson City
蒙大拿Montana —— MT海伦娜Helena
内布拉斯加Nebraska —— NE林肯Lincoln
内华达Nevada —— NV卡森城Carson City
新罕布什尔New hampshire —— NH康科德Concord
新泽西New jersey —— NJ特伦顿Trenton
新墨西哥New mexico —— NM圣菲Santa Fe
纽约New york —— NY奥尔巴尼Albany
北卡罗来纳North carolina —— NC纳罗利Raleigh
北达科他North dakota —— ND俾斯麦Bismarck
俄亥俄Ohio —— OH哥伦布Columbus
俄克拉何马Oklahoma —— OK俄克拉何马城Oklahoma City
俄勒冈Oregon —— OR塞勒姆Salem
宾夕法尼亚Pennsylvania —— PA哈里斯堡Harrisburg
罗得岛Rhode island —— RL普罗维登斯Providence
南卡罗来纳South carolina —— SC哥伦比亚Columbia
南达科他South dakota —— SD皮尔Pierre
田纳西Tennessee —— TN纳什维尔Nashville
得克萨斯Texas —— TX奥斯汀Austin
犹他Utah —— UT盐湖城Salt Lake City
佛蒙特Vermont —— VT蒙彼利埃Montpelier
弗吉尼亚Virginia —— VA里士满Richmond
华盛顿Washington —— WA奥林匹亚Olympia
西弗吉尼亚West virginia —— WV查尔斯顿Charleston
威斯康星Wisconsin —— WI麦迪逊Madison
怀俄明Wyoming —— WY夏延Cheyenne
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